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		<description><![CDATA[Hacking Knowledge: 77 Ways to Learn Faster, Deeper, and Better If someone granted you one wish, what do you imagine you would want out of life that you haven&#8217;t gotten yet? For many people, it would be self-improvement and knowledge. New knowledge is the backbone of society&#8217;s progress. Great thinkers such as Leonardo da Vinci, [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=intics.wordpress.com&amp;blog=2127872&amp;post=25&amp;subd=intics&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<h2><span style="color:#ff00ff;">Hacking Knowledge: 77 Ways to Learn Faster, Deeper, and Better</span></h2>
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<p><img style="float:right;margin:3px 0 10px 10px;" src="http://oedb.org/assets/images/knowledge.jpg" alt="knowledge" />If someone granted you one wish, what do you imagine you would want out of life that you haven&#8217;t gotten yet? For many people, it would be self-improvement and knowledge. New knowledge is the backbone of society&#8217;s progress. Great thinkers such as <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonardo_da_Vinci">Leonardo da Vinci</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Edison">Thomas Edison</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin">Benjamin Franklin</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Einstein">Albert Einstein</a>, and others&#8217; quests for knowledge have led society to many of the marvels we enjoy today. Your quest for knowledge doesn&#8217;t have to be as Earth-changing as Einstein&#8217;s, but it can be an important part of your life, leading to a new job, better pay, a new hobby, or simply knowledge for knowledge&#8217;s sake — whatever is important to you as an end goal.</p>
<p>Life-changing knowledge does typically require advanced learning techniques. In fact, it&#8217;s been said that the average adult only uses 10% of his/her brain. Imagine what we may be capable of with more advanced learning techniques. Here are 77 tips related to knowledge and learning to help you on your quest. A few are specifically for students in traditional <a href="http://oedb.org/online-schools">learning institutions</a>; the rest for self-starters, or those learning on their own. Happy learning.<span id="more-25"></span></p>
<h2>Health</h2>
<div>
<ol>
<li><strong>Shake a leg</strong>. Lack of blood flow is a common reason for lack of concentration. If you&#8217;ve been sitting in one place for awhile, bounce one of your legs for a minute or two. It gets your blood flowing and sharpens both concentration and recall.</li>
<li><strong>Food for thought: Eat breakfast</strong>. A lot of people skip breakfast, but creativity is often optimal in the early morning and it helps to have some protein in you to feed your brain. A lack of protein can actually cause headaches.</li>
<li><strong>Food for thought, part 2: Eat a light lunch</strong>. Heavy lunches have a tendency to make people drowsy. While you could turn this to your advantage by taking a &#8220;thinking nap&#8221; (see #23), most people haven&#8217;t learned how.</li>
<li><strong>Cognitive enhancers: Ginkgo biloba</strong>. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gingko_biloba">Ginkgo biloba</a> is a natural supplement that has been used in China and other countries for centuries and has been reputed to <a href="http://intelegen.com/nutrients/ginkgo_reverses_memory_loss_in_r.htm">reverse memory loss</a> in rats. It&#8217;s also suggested by some <a href="http://oedb.org/online-programs/health-medical">health practitioners</a> as a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nootropic">nootrope</a> and thus a memory enhancer.</li>
<li><strong>Reduce stress + depresssion</strong>. Stress and depression <a href="http://intelegen.com/nutrients/memory_loss_it_is_always_age.htm">may reduce</a> the ability to recall information and thus inhibit learning. Sometimes, all you need to reduce depression is more white light and fewer refined foods.</li>
</ol>
</div>
<h2>Balance</h2>
<div>
<ol>
<li><strong>Sleep on it</strong>. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maxwell_Maltz">Dr. Maxwell Maltz</a> wrote about in his book <em><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psycho-Cybernetics">Psycho-Cybernetics</a></em> about a man who was was paid good money to come up with ideas. He would lock his office door, close the blinds, turn off the lights. He&#8217;d focus on the problem at hand, then take a short nap on a couch. When he awoke, he usually had the problem solved.</li>
<li><strong>Take a break</strong>. Change phyical or mental perspective to lighten the invisible stress that can sometimes occur when you sit in one place too long, focused on learning. Taking a 5-15 minute break every hour during study sessions is more beneficial than non-stop study. It gives your mind time to relax and absorb information. If you want to <a href="http://www.43folders.com/2006/09/07/ultradians/">get really serious with breaks</a>, try a <a href="http://ernestrossi.com/ultradia.htm">20 minute ultradian break</a> as part of every 90 minute cycle. This includes a nap break, which is for a different purpose than #23.</li>
<li><strong>Take a hike</strong>. Changing your perspective often relieves tension, thus freeing your creative mind. Taking a short walk around the neighborhood may help.</li>
<li><strong>Change your focus</strong>. Sometimes there simply isn&#8217;t enough time to take a long break. If so, change subject focus. Alternate between technical and non-technical subjects.</li>
</ol>
</div>
<h2>Perspective and Focus</h2>
<div>
<ol>
<li><strong>Change your focus, part 2</strong>. There are three primary ways to learn: visual, kinesthetic, and auditory. If one isn&#8217;t working for you, try another.</li>
<li><strong>Do walking meditation</strong>. If you&#8217;re taking a hike (#25), go one step further and learn <a href="http://www.wildmind.org/meditation/walking/overview.html">walking meditation</a> as a way to tap into your inner resources and your strengthen your ability to focus. Just make sure you&#8217;re not walking inadvertently into traffic.</li>
<li><strong>Focus and immerse yourself</strong>. Focus on whatever you&#8217;re studying. Don&#8217;t try to watch TV at the same time or worry yourself about other things. Anxiety does not make for absorption of information and ideas.</li>
<li><strong>Turn out the lights</strong>. This is a way to focus, if you are not into meditating. Sit in the dark, block out extraneous influences. This is ideal for learning kinesthetically, such as guitar chord changes.</li>
<li><strong>Take a bath or shower</strong>. Both activities loosen you up, making your mind more receptive to recognizing brilliant ideas.</li>
</ol>
</div>
<h2>Recall Techniques</h2>
<div>
<ol>
<li><strong>Listen to music</strong>. Researchers have long shown that certain types of <a href="http://oedb.org/online-programs/arts-humanities/music">music</a> are a great &#8220;key&#8221; for recalling memories. Information learned while listening to a particular song or collection can often be recalled simply by &#8220;playing&#8221; the songs mentally.</li>
<li><strong>Speedread</strong>. Some people believe that speedreading causes you to miss vital information. The fact remains that efficient speedreading results in filtering out irrelevant information. If necessary, you can always read and re-read at slower speeds. Slow reading actually hinders the ability to absorb general ideas. (Although technical subjects often requirer slower reading.) If you&#8217;re reading online, you can try the free <a href="http://www.spreeder.com/">Spreeder</a> Web-based application.</li>
<li><strong>Use acronyms and other mnemonic devices</strong>. <a href="http://www.web-us.com/memory/mnemonic_techniques.htm">Mnemonics</a> are essentially tricks for remembering information. Some tricks are so effective that proper application will let you recall loads of mundane information years later.</li>
</ol>
</div>
<h2>Visual Aids</h2>
<div>
<ol>
<li><strong>Every picture tells a story</strong>. Draw or sketch whatever it is you are trying to achieve. Having a concrete goal in mind helps you progress towards that goal.</li>
<li><strong>Brainmap it</strong>. Need to plan something? Brain maps, or <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mind_map">mind maps</a>, offer a compact way to get both an overview of a project as well as easily add details. With mind maps, you can see the relationships between disparate ideas and they can also act as a receptacle for a brainstorming session.</li>
<li><strong>Learn symbolism and semiotics</strong>. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiotics">Semiotics</a> is the study of signs and symbols. Having an understanding of the symbols of a particular discipline aids in learning, and also allows you to record information more efficiently.</li>
<li><strong>Use information design</strong>. When you record information that has an inherent structure, applying <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_design">information design</a> helps convey that information more clearly. A great resource is <a href="http://infosthetics.com/">Information Aesthetics</a>, which gives examples of information design and links to their sources.</li>
<li><strong>Use visual learning techniques</strong>. Try <a href="http://www.gliffy.com/">gliffy</a> for <a href="http://www.agiledraw.org/index.php/Main/Examples">structured diagrams</a>. Also see <a href="http://www.inspiration.com/vlearning/index.cfm?fuseaction=techniques">Inspiration.com</a> for an explanation of webs, idea maps, concept maps, and plots.</li>
<li><strong>Map your task flow</strong>. Learning often requires gaining knowledge in a specific sequence. <a href="http://www.lifehack.org/articles/lifehack/course-of-actions-task-flow-mapping-your-day.html">Organizing your thoughts</a> on what needs to be done is a powerful way to prepare yourself to complete tasks or learn new topics.</li>
</ol>
</div>
<h2>Verbal and Auditory Techniques</h2>
<div>
<ol>
<li><strong>Stimulate ideas</strong>. Play rhyming games, utter nonsense words. These loosen you up, making you more receptive to learning.</li>
<li><strong>Brainstorm</strong>. This is a time-honored technique that combines verbal activity, writing, and collaboration. (One person can brainstorm, but it&#8217;s more effective in a group.) It&#8217;s fruitful if you remember some simple rules: Firstly, don&#8217;t shut anyone&#8217;s idea out. Secondly, don&#8217;t &#8220;edit&#8221; in progress; just record all ideas first, then dissect them later. Participating in brainstorming helps assess what you already know about something, and what you didn&#8217;t know.</li>
<li><strong>Learn by osmosis</strong>. Got an iPod? Record a few of your own podcasts, upload them to your iPod and sleep on it. Literally. Put it under your pillow and playback language lessons or whatever.</li>
<li><strong>Cognitive enhancers: binaural beats</strong>. <a href="http://www.web-us.com/thescience.htm">Binaural</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binaural_beats">beats</a> involve playing two close frequencies simultaneously to produce alpha, beta, delta, and theta waves, all of which produce either sleeping, restfulness, relaxation, meditativeness, alertness, or concentration. Binaural beats are used in conjunction with other excercises for a type of super-learning.</li>
<li><strong>Laugh</strong>. Laughing relaxes the body. A relaxed body is more receptive to new ideas.</li>
</ol>
</div>
<h2>Kinesthetic Techniques</h2>
<div>
<ol>
<li><strong>Write, don&#8217;t type</strong>. While typing your notes into the computer is great for posterity, writing by hand stimulates ideas. The simple act of holding and using a pen or pencil massages acupuncture points in the hand, which in turn stimulates ideas.</li>
<li><strong>Carry a quality notebook at all times</strong>. Samuel Taylor Coleridge <a href="http://gaming.unlv.edu/Xanadu/poem.html">dreamed the words</a> of the poem &#8220;In Xanadu (did Kubla Khan)&#8230;&#8221;. Upon awakening, he wrote down what he could recall, but was distracted by a visitor and promptly forgot the rest of the poem. Forever. If you&#8217;ve been doing &#8220;walking meditation&#8221; or any kind of meditation or productive napping, ideas may suddenly come to you. Record them immediately.</li>
<li><strong>Keep a journal</strong>. This isn&#8217;t exactly the same as a notebook. Journaling has to do with tracking experiences over time. If you add in visual details, charts, brainmaps, etc., you have a much more creative way to keep tabs on what you are learning.</li>
<li><strong>Organize</strong>. Use sticky colored tabs to divide up a notebook or journal. They are a great way to partition ideas for easy referral.</li>
<li><strong>Use post-it notes</strong>. Post-it notes provide a helpful way to record your thoughts about passages in books without defacing them with ink or pencil marks.</li>
</ol>
</div>
<h2>Self-Motivation Techniques</h2>
<div>
<ol>
<li><strong>Give yourself credit</strong>. Ideas are actually a dime a dozen. If you learn to focus your mind on what results you want to achieve, you&#8217;ll recognize the good ideas. Your mind will become a filter for them, which will motivate you to learn more.</li>
<li><strong>Motivate yourself</strong>. Why do you want to learn something? What do want to achieve through learning? If you don&#8217;t know why you want to learn, then distractions will be far more enticing.</li>
<li><strong>Set a goal</strong>. W. Clement Stone once said &#8220;Whatever the mind of man can conceive, it can achieve.&#8221; It&#8217;s an amazing phenomenon in goal achievement. Prepare yourself by whatever means necessary, and hurdles will seem surmountable. Anyone who has experienced this phenomenon understands its validity.</li>
<li><strong>Think positive</strong>. There&#8217;s no point in setting learning goals for yourself if you don&#8217;t have any faith in your ability to learn.</li>
<li><strong>Organize, part 2</strong>. Learning is only one facet of the average adult&#8217;s daily life. You need to organize your time and tasks else you might find it difficult to fit time in for learning. Try <a href="http://www.neptunehq.com/">Neptune</a> for a browser-based application for &#8220;getting things done.&#8221;</li>
<li><strong>Every skill is learned</strong>. With the exception of bodily functions, <a href="http://www.audiblox2000.com/prin.htm">every skill in life is learned</a>. Generally speaking, if one person can learn something, so can you. It may take you more effort, but if you&#8217;ve set a believable goal, it&#8217;s likely an achievable goal.</li>
<li><strong>Prepare yourself for learning</strong>. Thinking positive isn&#8217;t sufficient for successfully achieving goals. This is especially important if you are an adult, as you&#8217;ll probably have many distractions surrounding your daily life. Implement ways to reduce distractions, at least for a few hours at a time, else learning will become a frustrating experience.</li>
<li><strong>Prepare yourself, part 2</strong>. Human nature is such that not everyone in your life will be a well-wisher in your self-improvement and learning plans. They may intentionally or subconsciously distract you from your goal. If you have classes to attend after work, make sure that work colleagues know this, that you are unable to work late. Diplomacy works best if you think your boss is intentionally giving you work on the days he/she knows you have to leave. Reschedule lectures to a later time slot if possible/ necessary.</li>
<li><strong>Constrain yourself</strong>. Most people need structure in their lives. Freedom is sometimes a scary thing. It&#8217;s like chaos. But even chaos has order within. By <a href="http://headrush.typepad.com/creating_passionate_users/2006/10/how_to_make_som.html">constraining yourself</a> — say giving yourself deadlines, limiting your time on an idea in some manner, or limiting the tools you are working with — you can often accomplish more in less time.</li>
</ol>
</div>
<h2>Supplemental Techniques</h2>
<div>
<ol>
<li><strong>Read as much as you can</strong>. How much more obvious can it get? Use Spreeder (#33) if you have to. Get a breadth of topics as well as depth.</li>
<li><strong>Cross-pollinate your interests</strong>. Neurons that connect to existing neurons give you new perspectives and abilities to use additional knowledge in new ways.</li>
<li><strong>Learn another language</strong>. New perspectives give you the ability to cross-pollinate cultural concepts and come up with new ideas. As well, sometimes reading a book in its original language will provide you with insights lost in translation.</li>
<li><strong>Learn how to learn</strong>. Management Help has a <a href="http://www.managementhelp.org/trng_dev/methods/on_line.htm">resource page</a>, as does <a href="http://www.siast.sk.ca/virtualcampus/aboutvirtual/learningmethods.htm">SIAST</a> (Virtual Campus), which links to articles about learning methods. They are geared towards online learning, but no doubt you gain something from them for any type of learning. If you are serious about optimum learning, read Headrush&#8217;s <a href="http://headrush.typepad.com/creating_passionate_users/2006/01/crash_course_in.html">Crash course in learning theory</a>.</li>
<li><strong>Learn what you know and what you don&#8217;t</strong>. Many people might say, &#8220;I&#8217;m dumb,&#8221; or &#8220;I don&#8217;t know anything about that.&#8221; The fact is, many people are wholly unaware of what they already know about a topic. If you want to learn about a topic, you need to determine what you already know, figure out what you don&#8217;t know, and then learn the latter.</li>
<li><strong>Multi-task through background processes</strong>. Effective multi-tasking allows you to bootstrap limited time to accomplish several tasks. Learning can be bootstrapped through multi-tasking, too. By effective multitasking, I don&#8217;t mean <a href="http://headrush.typepad.com/creating_passionate_users/2005/03/your_brain_on_m.html">doing two or more things at exactly the same time</a>. It&#8217;s not possible. However, you can achieve the semblance of effective multitasking with the right approach, and by prepping your mind for it. For example, a successful freelance writer learns to manage several articles at the same time. Research the first essay, and then let the background processes of your mind takeover. Move on consciously to the second essay. While researching the second essay, the first one will often &#8220;write itself.&#8221; Be prepared to record it when it &#8220;appears&#8221; to you.</li>
<li><strong>Think holistically</strong>. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wholistic">Holistic</a> thinking might be the single most &#8220;advanced&#8221; learning technique that would help students. But it&#8217;s a mindset rather than a single technique.</li>
<li><strong>Use the right type of repetition.</strong> Complex concepts often require revisting in order to be fully absorbed. Sometimes, for some people, it may actually take months or years. Repetition of concepts and theory with <em>various</em> concrete examples improves absorption and speeds up learning.</li>
<li><strong>Apply the Quantum Learning (QL) model</strong>. The <a href="http://www.newhorizons.org/strategies/accelerated/deporter2.htm">Quantum Learning</a> model is being applied in some US schools and goes beyond typical <a href="http://oedb.org/online-programs/education">education methods</a> to engage students.</li>
<li><strong>Get necessary tools</strong>. There are obviously all kinds of tools for learning. If you are learning online like a growing number of people these days, then consider your online tools. One of the best tools for online research is the <a href="http://www.mozilla.com/firefox/">Firefox web browser</a>, which has loads of extensions (add-ons) with all manner of useful features. One is <a href="https://addons.mozilla.org/firefox/2517/">Googlepedia</a>, which <a href="http://www.technologyevangelist.com/2006/11/googlepedia_my_favor.html">simultaneously displays</a> <a href="http://www.google.com/">Google search engine</a> listings, when you search for a term, with related entries from <a href="http://wikipedia.org/">Wikipedia</a>.</li>
<li><strong>Get necessary tools, part 2</strong>. This is a very niche tip, but if you want to learn fast-track methods for building software, read <a href="http://gettingreal.37signals.com/">Getting Real</a> from <a href="http://www.37signals.com/">37 Signals</a>. The <a href="http://gettingreal.37signals.com/toc.php">Web page version</a> is free. The techniques in the book have been used to create <a href="http://www.basecamphq.com/">Basecamp</a>, <a href="http://www.campfirenow.com/">Campfire</a>, and <a href="http://www.backpackit.com/">Backpack</a> web applications in a short time frame. Each of these applications support collaboration and organization.</li>
<li><strong>Learn critical thinking</strong>. As <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keegan-Michael_Key">Keegan-Michael Key</a>&#8216;s character on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MADtv">MadTV</a> might say, critical thinking takes analysis to &#8220;a whole notha level&#8221;. Read Wikipedia&#8217;s discourse on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critical_thinking">critical thinking</a> as a starting point. It involves good analytical skills to aid the ability to learn selectively.</li>
<li><strong>Learn complex problem solving</strong>. For most people, life is a series of problems to be solved. Learning is part of the process. If you have a <a href="http://www.lifehack.org/articles/lifehack/the-art-of-complex-problem-solving.html">complex problem</a>, you need to learn the <a href="http://www.idiagram.com/CP/cpprocess.html">art of complex problem solving</a>. [The latter page has some incredible visual information.]</li>
</ol>
</div>
<h2>For Teachers, Tutors, and Parents</h2>
<div>
<ol>
<li><strong>Be engaging</strong>. Lectures are one-sided and often <a href="http://www.brainbasedbusiness.com/2006/10/lectures_work_against_the_brai.html">counter-productive</a>. Information merely heard or witnessed (from a chalkboard for instance) is often forgotten. Teaching is not simply talking. <a href="http://www.brainboomer.com/2006/10/16/youd-have-to-be-brain-dead-to-listen-up/">Talking isn&#8217;t enough</a>. Ask students questions, present scenarios, engage them.</li>
<li><strong>Use information pyramids</strong>. Learning happens in layers. <a href="http://www.audiblox2000.com/prin.htm">Build base knowledge</a> upon which you can add advanced concepts.</li>
<li><strong>Use video games</strong>. Video games get a bad rap because of certain violent games. But video games in general can often be an <a href="http://wistechnology.com/article.php?id=243">effective aid to learning</a>.</li>
<li><strong>Role play</strong>. Younger people often learn better by being part of a learning experience. For example, history is easier to absorb through reenactments.</li>
<li><strong>Apply the 80/20 rule</strong>. This rule is often interpreted in dfferent ways. In this case, the <a href="http://headrush.typepad.com/creating_passionate_users/2006/01/crash_course_in.html">80/20 rule</a> means that some concepts, say about 20% of a curriculum, require more effort and time, say about 80%, than others. So be prepared to expand on complex topics.</li>
<li><strong>Tell stories</strong>. Venus Flytrap, a character from the sitcom <a href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0077097/">WKRP in Cincinnati</a>, once taught a student gang member about atoms, electrons, and protons by saying that an atom was one big neighborhood, and the protons and neutrons had their own smaller neighborhoods and never mixed. Just like rival gangs. The story worked, and understanding sparked in the students eyes.</li>
<li><strong>Go beyond the public school curriculum</strong>. The public school system is woefully lacking in teaching advanced learning and brainstorming methods. It&#8217;s not that the methods cannot be taught; they just aren&#8217;t. To learn more, you have to pay a premium in additional time and effort, and sometimes money for commercially available learning tools. There&#8217;s nothing wrong with that in itself, but <a href="http://headrush.typepad.com/creating_passionate_users/2006/11/why_does_engine.html">what is taught</a> in schools needs to be expanded. This article&#8217;s author has proven that a nine-year old can learn (some) university level math, if the learning is approached correctly.</li>
<li><strong>Use applied learning</strong>. If a high school student were having trouble in math, say with fractions, one example of applied learning might be photography, lenses, f-stops, etc. Another example is cooking and measurement of ingredients. Tailor the applied learning to the interest of the student.</li>
</ol>
</div>
<h2>For Students and Self-Studiers</h2>
<div>
<ol>
<li><strong>Be engaged</strong>. Surprise. Sometimes students are bored because they know more than is being taught, maybe even more than a teacher. (Hopefully teachers will assess what each student already knows.) Students should discuss with a teacher if they feel that the material being covered is not challenging. Also consider asking for additional materials.</li>
<li><strong>Teach yourself</strong>. Teachers cannot always change their curricula. If you&#8217;re not being challenged, challenge yourself. Some countries still apply country-wide exams for all students. If your lecturer didn&#8217;t cover a topic, you should learn it on your own. Don&#8217;t wait for someone to teach you. Lectures are most effective when you&#8217;ve pre-introduced yourself to concepts.</li>
<li><strong>Collaborate</strong>. If studying by yourself isn&#8217;t working, maybe a study group will help.</li>
<li><strong>Do unto others: teach something</strong>. The best way to learn something better is to teach it to someone else. It forces you to learn, if you are motivated enough to share your knowledge.</li>
<li><strong>Write about it</strong>. An effective way to &#8220;teach&#8221; something is to create an <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FAQ">FAQ</a> or a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiki">wiki</a> containing everything you know about a topic. Or <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blog">blog</a> about the topic. Doing so helps you to realize what you know and more importantly what you don&#8217;t. You don&#8217;t even have to spend money if you grab a freebie account with <a href="http://www.typepad.com/">Typepad</a>, <a href="http://wordpress.com/">WordPress</a>, or <a href="http://www.blogger.com/">Blogger</a>.</li>
<li><strong>Learn by experience</strong>. Pretty obvious, right? It means put in the necessary time. An expert is often defined as someone who has put in 10,000 hours into some experience or endeavor. That&#8217;s approximately 5 years of 40 hours per week, every week. Are you an expert without realizing it? If you&#8217;re not, do you have the <a href="http://headrush.typepad.com/creating_passionate_users/2006/03/how_to_be_an_ex.html">dedication to be an expert</a>?</li>
<li><strong>Quiz yourself</strong>. Testing what you&#8217;ve learned will reinforce the information. Flash cards are one of the best ways, and are not just for kids.</li>
<li><strong>Learn the right things first</strong>. Learn the basics. Case in point: a frustrating way to learn a new language is to learn grammar and spelling and sentence constructs first. This is not the way a baby learns a language, and there&#8217;s no reason why an adult or young adult has to start differently, despite &#8220;expert&#8221; opinion. Try for yourself and see the difference.</li>
<li><strong>Plan your learning</strong>. If you have a long-term plan to learn something, then to quote Led Zeppelin, &#8220;There are two paths you can go by.&#8221; You can take a haphazard approach to learning, or you can put in a bit of planning and find an optimum path. <a href="http://oedb.org/library/continuing-education-for-adults/time-management-tips-for-continuing-education-students">Plan your time</a> and <a href="http://oedb.org/library/continuing-education-for-adults/balancing-your-job-and-your-classwork">balance your learning and living</a>.</li>
</ol>
</div>
<h2>Parting Advice</h2>
<div>
<ol>
<li><strong>Persist</strong>. Don&#8217;t give up learning in the face of intimdating tasks. Anything one human being can learn, most others can as well. Wasn&#8217;t it Einstein that said, &#8220;Genius is 1% inspiration and 99% perspiration&#8221;? Thomas Edison said it, too.</li>
<li><strong> Defy the experts</strong>. Dyslexia, in a nutshell, is the affliction of mentally jumbling letters and digits, causing difficulties in reading, writing and thus learning. Sometimes spoken words or numbers get mixed up as well. In the past, &#8220;experts&#8221; declared dyslexic children stupid. Later, they said they were incapable of learning. This author has interacted with and taught dyslexic teens. It&#8217;s possible. Helen Keller had no experience of sight, sound, or speech, and yet she learned. Conclusion: There is more than one way to learn; never believe you cannot.</li>
<li><strong>Challenge yourself</strong>. People are often more intelligent than they realize. In a world that compartmentalizes and categorizes everything, not everyone is sure where they fit in. And genius can be found in many walks of life. If you honestly suspect that there&#8217;s more to you than has been &#8220;allowed&#8221; to be let out, try an IQ test such as the one offered by <a href="http://www.mensa.org/">MENSA</a>. It&#8217;s unlike the standardized IQ tests given in many schools. You know the kind — the ones which traumatize many young students into thinking they are stupid, simply because the tests don&#8217;t really assess all student&#8217;s knowledge and learning ability. And the ability to learn is far, far more important than what you already know.</li>
<li><strong>Party before an exam</strong>. Well, don&#8217;t go that far. The key is to relax. The worse thing to do is cram the night before an exam. If you don&#8217;t already know a subject by then, cramming isn&#8217;t going to help. If you have studied, simply review the topic, then go do something pleasant (no more studying). Doing so tells your brain that you are prepared and that you will be able to recall anything that you have already learned. On the other hand, if you didn&#8217;t spend the semester learning the ideas you need, you might as well go party anyways because cramming at the last minute isn&#8217;t going to help much at that point.</li>
<li><strong>Don&#8217;t worry; learn happy</strong>. Have a real passion for learning and want to share that? Join a group such as the <a href="http://www.joyfuljubilantlearning.com/">Joyful Jubilant Learning community</a> [via <a href="http://www.lifehack.org/articles/studying/the-new-world-of-today%e2%80%99s-student.html">LifeHack</a>].</li>
</ol>
</div>
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		<title>Download Video di YouTube</title>
		<link>http://intics.wordpress.com/2008/02/04/download-video-di-youtube/</link>
		<comments>http://intics.wordpress.com/2008/02/04/download-video-di-youtube/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 04 Feb 2008 13:40:09 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>intics</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://intics.wordpress.com/?p=24</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Cara download video koleksi youtube Caranya: Klik kanan video yang jd target bwat di download Pilih copy link location Buka situs keepvid.com Paste link location nya di page browser nya Rubah tipenya jadi youtube biar cepet browsing nya Setelah Itu klik download Muncul di bawahnya ada papan berisikan perintah &#62;&#62;download link&#60;&#60; (.flv &#8211; flash video) [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=intics.wordpress.com&amp;blog=2127872&amp;post=24&amp;subd=intics&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p> Cara download video koleksi youtube Caranya:</p>
<ol>
<li>Klik kanan video yang jd target bwat di download</li>
<li> Pilih copy link location</li>
<li> Buka situs <a href="http://keepvid.com/" target="_blank">keepvid.com</a></li>
<li> Paste link location nya di page browser nya</li>
<li> Rubah tipenya jadi youtube biar cepet browsing nya</li>
<li> Setelah Itu klik download</li>
<li> Muncul di bawahnya ada papan berisikan perintah &gt;&gt;download link&lt;&lt; (.flv &#8211; flash video)</li>
</ol>
<p>*format flv yang pernah gua coba bisanya di buka di program k-lite window media classic&#8230;</p>
<p>Alternative :</p>
<p>Download  Program ULTRAGET VIDEO DOWNLOADER&#8230;.(cari di Om Google ya&#8230;&#8230;)</p>
<p>tapi ada syarat tuk donlot, harus punya login/jdi member di youtube.</p>
<p>OK!!</p>
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		<title>TIPS Memikat Cewe</title>
		<link>http://intics.wordpress.com/2008/02/01/tips-memikat-cewe-2/</link>
		<comments>http://intics.wordpress.com/2008/02/01/tips-memikat-cewe-2/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 01 Feb 2008 12:08:22 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>intics</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://intics.wordpress.com/2008/02/01/tips-memikat-cewe-2/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[here the file&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;. cara_memikat_wanita_idaman_anda.pdf<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=intics.wordpress.com&amp;blog=2127872&amp;post=23&amp;subd=intics&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>here the file&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.<a href="http://intics.files.wordpress.com/2008/02/cara_memikat_wanita_idaman_anda.pdf" title="cara_memikat_wanita_idaman_anda.pdf"></a></p>
<p><a href="http://intics.files.wordpress.com/2008/02/cara_memikat_wanita_idaman_anda.pdf" title="cara_memikat_wanita_idaman_anda.pdf">cara_memikat_wanita_idaman_anda.pdf</a></p>
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		<title>Hacking FS</title>
		<link>http://intics.wordpress.com/2008/02/01/hacking-fs/</link>
		<comments>http://intics.wordpress.com/2008/02/01/hacking-fs/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 01 Feb 2008 11:17:50 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>intics</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Net]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://intics.wordpress.com/?p=20</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[1. Metode pencurian &#8220;roti&#8221;. Dulu metode ini sempat populer. Kita hanya perlu &#8220;memaksa&#8221; korban mengunjungi/melihat profil kita, maka kita otomatis langsung mendapatkan kukis dr korban itu, berserta beberapa info tambahan (browser, IP, waktu). Dengan kukis yg kita dapet itu, tanpa perlu mengetahui ID atau pass korban, kita bisa masuk login sebagai dia. Dan perlu diketahui [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=intics.wordpress.com&amp;blog=2127872&amp;post=20&amp;subd=intics&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div align="left"><b>1. Metode pencurian &#8220;roti&#8221;.</b></div>
<ul>
<li> Dulu metode ini sempat populer. Kita hanya perlu &#8220;memaksa&#8221; korban mengunjungi/melihat profil kita, maka kita otomatis langsung mendapatkan kukis dr korban itu, berserta beberapa info tambahan (browser, IP, waktu).</li>
<li> Dengan kukis yg kita dapet itu, tanpa perlu mengetahui ID atau pass korban, kita bisa masuk login sebagai dia.</li>
<li> Dan perlu diketahui juga bahwa masa berlaku kukis ini UNLIMITED, so kukis yg dulu kita dapat masih bisa digunakan ampe sekarang, meskipun si korban dah berkali2 ganti ID atau pass</li>
</ul>
<p><b>2. Teknik fake login</b> adalah memancing korban untuk memasukkan ID dan pass nya ke halaman login yg mirip sekali dengan punya friendster. Hasil nya akan di record ke web hosting yg udah dipersiapkan.</p>
<p>Syarat Mutlak untuk melakukan teknik pencurian kukis maupun pencurian<br />
ID dan pass adalah KITA MESTI MEMPUNYAI WEB HOSTING YG SUPPORT DGN PHP.<br />
Teknik fake login menggunakan 3 files antara lain:<br />
1. login.html (Di page login FS bohongan ini nanti korban kita &#8220;paksa&#8221;<br />
memasukkan ID dan passnya)<br />
2. Login.PHP (File ini berfungsi untuk merecord log ke web hosting kita.<br />
3. Redirect.js (Berfungsi untuk meredirect halaman login.html ke<br />
halaman login.php)<br />
4. Amunisi (file ini kita &#8220;cangkok-kan&#8221; di profil kita yg, beberapa<br />
tempat yg sering vuln adalah, Favorite Books, Favorite Movies,<br />
Favorite Music, Favorite TV Shows, About Me(Describe Yourself,<br />
Describe Who You Want to Meet, Media Box, dan Box CSS pun pernah ada<br />
bug nya.</p>
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		<title>mengenal W-Lan</title>
		<link>http://intics.wordpress.com/2007/11/17/mengenal-w-lan/</link>
		<comments>http://intics.wordpress.com/2007/11/17/mengenal-w-lan/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 17 Nov 2007 09:58:30 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>intics</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Net]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://intics.wordpress.com/2007/11/17/mengenal-w-lan/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Mengenal Wireless LAN &#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8211; Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) adalah jaringan komputer yang menggunakan gelombang radio sebagai media transmisi data. Informasi (data) ditransfer dari satu komputer ke komputer lain menggunakan gelombang radio. WLAN sering disebut sebagai Jaringan Nirkabel atau jaringan wireless. Proses komunikasi tanpa kabel ini dimulai dengan bermunculannya peralatan berbasis gelombang radio, seperti walkie [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=intics.wordpress.com&amp;blog=2127872&amp;post=17&amp;subd=intics&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Mengenal Wireless LAN<br />
&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8211;</p>
<p>Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) adalah jaringan komputer yang menggunakan gelombang radio sebagai media transmisi data. Informasi (data) ditransfer dari satu komputer ke komputer lain menggunakan gelombang radio. WLAN sering disebut sebagai Jaringan Nirkabel atau jaringan wireless.<br />
Proses komunikasi tanpa kabel ini dimulai dengan bermunculannya peralatan berbasis gelombang radio, seperti walkie talkie, remote control, cordless phone, ponsel, dan peralatan radio lainnya. Lalu adanya kebutuhan untuk menjadikan komputer sebagai barang yang mudah dibawa (mobile) dan mudah digabungkan dengan jaringan yang sudah ada. Hal-hal seperti ini akhirnya mendorong pengembangan teknilogi wireless untuk jaringan komputer.<br />
Pada tahun 1997, sebuah lembaga independen bernama IEEE membuat spesifikasi/standar WLAN pertama yang diberi kode 802.11. Peralatan yang sesuai standar 802.11 dapat bekerja pada frekuensi 2,4GHz, dan kecepatan transfer data (throughput) teoritis maksimal 2Mbps. Sayangnya peralatan yang mengikuti spesifikasi 802.11 kurang diterima dipasar. Througput sebesar ini dianggap kurang memadai untuk aplikasi multimedia dan aplikasi kelas berat lainnya.<br />
Pada bulan Juli 1999, IEEE kembali mengeluarkan spesifikasi baru bernama 802.11b. Kecepatan transfer data teoritis maksimal yang dapat dicapai adalah 11 Mbps. Kecepatan tranfer data sebesar ini sebanding dengan Ethernet tradisional (IEEE 802.3 10Mbps atau 10Base-T). Peralatan yang menggunakan standar 802.11b juga bekerja pada frekuensi 2,4Ghz. Salah satu kekurangan peralatan wireless yang bekerja pada frekuensi ini adalah kemungkinan terjadinya interferensi dengan cordless phone, microwave oven, atau peralatan lain yang menggunakan gelombang radio pada frekuensi sama.<br />
Pada saat hampir bersamaan, IEEE membuat spesifikasi 802.11a yang menggunakan teknik berbeda. Frekuensi yang digunakan 5Ghz, dan mendukung kecepatan transfer data teoritis maksimal sampai 54Mbps. Gelombang radio yang dipancarkan oleh peralatan 802.11a relatif sukar menembus dinding atau penghalang lainnya. Jarak jangkau gelombang radio relatif lebih pendek dibandingkan 802.11b. Secara teknis, 802.11b tidak kompatibel dengan 802.11a. Namun saat ini cukup banyak pabrik hardware yang membuat peralatan yang mendukung kedua standar tersebut.<br />
Pada tahun 2002, IEEE membuat spesifikasi baru yang dapat menggabungkan kelebihan 802.11b dan 802.11a. Spesifikasi yang diberi kode 802.11g ini bekerja pada frekuensi 2,4Ghz dengan kecepatan transfer data teoritis maksimal 54Mbps. Peralatan 802.11g kompatibel dengan 802.11b, sehingga dapat saling dipertukarkan. Misalkan saja sebuah komputer yang menggunakan kartu jaringan 802.11g dapat memanfaatkan access point 802.11b, dan sebaliknya.<br />
Ada beberapa istilah yang cukup popular berkaitan dengan wireless. Beberapa di antaranya yaitu:</p>
<p>1.	Wi-Fi atau WiFi<br />
Wi-Fi atau Wireless Fidelity adalah nama lain yang diberikan untuk produk yang mengikuti spesifikasi 802.11. Sebagian besar pengguna komputer lebih mengenal istilah Wi-Fi card/adapter dibandingkan dengan 802.11 card/adapter. Wi-Fi merupakan merek dagang, dan lebih popular dibandingkan kata “IEEE 802.11”.</p>
<p>2.	Channel<br />
Bayangkanlah pita frekuansi seperti sebuah jalan, dan channel seperti jalur-jalur pemisah pada jalan tersebut. Peralatan 802.11a bekerja pada frekuensi 5,15 &#8211; 5,875 GHz, sedangkan peralatan 802.11b dan 802.11g bekerja pada frekuansi 2,4 &#8211; 2,497 GHz. Jadi , 802.11a menggunakan pita frekuensi lebih besar dibandingkan 802.11b atau 802.11g. Semakin lebar pita frekuensi, semakin banyak channel yang tersedia.<br />
Setiap channel dapat digunakan untuk mengangkut informasi secara penuh. Pada 802.11a tersedia sampai 8 non-overlapping channel. Masing-masing dapat “dibebani” throughput sebesar 54Mbps, atau total throughput 432Mbps. Sedangkan pada 802.11b/g tersedia 3 non-overlapping channel yang masing-masing dapat “dibebani” throughput sampai 11Mbps, atau total throughput 33Mbps.<br />
Agar dapat saling berkomunikasi, setiap peralatan wireless harus menggunakan channel yang sama. Pengguna dapat mengatur nomor channel saat melakukan instalasi driver atau melalui utiliti bantu yang disediakan masing-masing vendor.</p>
<p>3.	MIMO<br />
MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) merupakan teknologi Wi-Fi terbaru. MIMO dibuat berdasarkan spesifikasi Pre-802.11n. Kata ”Pre-” menyatakan “Prestandard versions of 802.11n”. MIMO menawarkan peningkatan throughput, keunggulan reabilitas, dan peningkatan jumlah klien yg terkoneksi. Daya tembus MIMO terhadap penghalang lebih baik, selain itu jangkauannya lebih luas sehingga Anda dapat menempatkan laptop atau klien Wi-Fi sesuka hati. Access Point MIMO dapat menjangkau berbagai perlatan Wi-Fi yg ada disetiap sudut ruangan.<br />
Secara teknis MIMO lebih unggul dibandingkan saudara tuanya 802.11a/b/g. Access Point MIMO dapat mengenali gelombang radio yang dipancarkan oleh adapter Wi-Fi 802.11a/b/g. MIMO mendukung kompatibilitas mundur dengan 802.11 a/b/g. Peralatan Wi-Fi MIMO dapat menghasilkan kecepatan transfer data sebesar 108Mbps.</p>
<p>4.	WEP<br />
WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) merupakan salah satu fitur keamanan/sekuriti yang bersifat build-in pada peralatan Wi-Fi. Keamanan merupakan masalah yang serius bagi pengguna Wi-Fi akibat gelombang radio yang dipancarkan adapter Wi-Fi dapat diterima oleh semua peralatan Wi-Fi yang ada di sekitarnya (atau gedung di sebelahnya). Tentu saja kondisi semacam ini sangat rawan krn informasi dapat “ditangkap” dengan mudah. Oleh sebab itu Wi-Fi dibuat dengan beberapa jenis enkripsi : 40 bit, 64 bit, 128 bit dan 256 bit. Pengguna WEP akan meningkatkan keamanan data yang ditransfer meskipun konsekuensinya penurunan throughput data.</p>
<p>5.	SSID<br />
SSID (Service Set IDentifier) merupakan identifikasi atau nama untuk jaringan wireless. Setiap peralatan Wi-Fi harus menggunakan SSID tertentu. Peralatan Wi-Fi dianggap satu jaringan jika mengunakan SSID yang sama. Agar dapat berkomunikasi, setiap perlatan wireless haruslah menggunakan SSID dan channel yang sama. SSID bersifat case-sensitive, penulisan huruf besar dan huruf kecil sangat berpengaruh.</p>
<p>6.	SES<br />
SES merupakan singkatan dari SecureEasySetup. SES merupakan jawaban terhadap kesulitan setup security jaringan yg selama ini dirasakan sejumlah kalangan. Hanya dengan menekan satu tombol, SES secara otomatis memberikan SSID dan kode sekuriti ke router dan adapter serta menerapkan security WPA (Wireless Protected Access). Untuk menggunakan SES, pengguna hanya perlu menekan tombol SES pada router, lalu pada client, dan selanjutnya kedua perangkat akan membuat sebuah jalur komunikasi yang aman.</p>
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		<title>Membuat Window XP menjadi ROUTER</title>
		<link>http://intics.wordpress.com/2007/11/17/membuat-window-xp-menjadi-router/</link>
		<comments>http://intics.wordpress.com/2007/11/17/membuat-window-xp-menjadi-router/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 17 Nov 2007 09:54:55 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>intics</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Net]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Membuat Window XP menjadi ROUTER? Mungkinkah? Jawabnya : Mungkin / Pasti Bisa Jika Anda memiliki 2 segmen jaringan, Anda dapat menggunakan Win2000 Pro / WinXP Pro sebagai router untuk kedua segmen tersebut. Syarat: 1. Minimal memiliki 2 Kartu Jaringan (LAN-CARD / NIC). 2. Konfigurasi IP Address pada masing-masing kartu jaringan. 3. Konfigurasi IP tersebut sebagai [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=intics.wordpress.com&amp;blog=2127872&amp;post=16&amp;subd=intics&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><span class="postbody"><span style="font-weight:bold;"><span style="color:blue;">Membuat Window XP menjadi ROUTER?</span></span></p>
<p>Mungkinkah?</p>
<p>Jawabnya : <span style="font-weight:bold;"><span style="color:brown;">Mungkin / Pasti Bisa</span></span></p>
<p>Jika Anda memiliki 2 segmen jaringan, Anda dapat menggunakan Win2000 Pro / WinXP Pro sebagai router untuk kedua segmen tersebut.</p>
<p>Syarat:<br />
1. Minimal memiliki 2 Kartu Jaringan (LAN-CARD / NIC).<br />
2. Konfigurasi IP Address pada masing-masing kartu jaringan.<br />
3. Konfigurasi IP tersebut sebagai Default Gateway.</p>
<p>Contoh:<br />
- Segment A &#8211; 192.168.0.0/24<br />
- Segment B &#8211; 192.168.1.0/24</p>
<p>(/24 maksudnya 255.255.255.0 &#8211; lihat informasi <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classless_Inter-Domain_Routing" target="_blank" class="postlink"><span style="color:blue;"><span style="font-weight:bold;">CIDR</span></span></a>)</p>
<p>- NIC A &#8211; 192.168.0.1 &lt; menjadi Default Gateway untuk Segmen A<br />
- NIC B &#8211; 192.168.1.1 &lt; menjadi Default Gateway untuk Segmen B</p>
<p>Selanjutnya konfigurasi IP Routing untuk kedua segmen.</p>
<p>Ingat&#8230;!!!<br />
Fitur ini tidak dapat dikonfigurasi melalui interface GUI baik di Win2000 maupun WinXP&#8230;<br />
Jadi&#8230; Anda perlu mengedit <span style="font-weight:bold;"><span style="color:blue;">REGISTRY</span></span>.</p>
<p>Caranya:<br />
1. Run &gt; Regedit.<br />
2. Meluncurlah ke : <span style="font-weight:bold;"><span style="color:blue;">HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Tcpip\Parameters</span></span><br />
3. Ubah nilai &#8220;<span style="font-weight:bold;"><span style="color:blue;">IPEnableRouter</span></span>&#8221; menjadi 1<br />
3. Tutup Regedit.<br />
4. Restart PC. </span></p>
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		<title>Melumpuhkan Access Point dengan Void11 &#8212;</title>
		<link>http://intics.wordpress.com/2007/11/17/melumpuhkan-access-point-dengan-void11/</link>
		<comments>http://intics.wordpress.com/2007/11/17/melumpuhkan-access-point-dengan-void11/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 17 Nov 2007 09:52:45 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>intics</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Net]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Melumpuhkan Access Point dengan Void11 &#8211; Author : lirva32 Email : lirva32 [at] yahoo [dot] com Wah, lirva32 mau ngajarin iseng2 nih&#8230; kali ini lirva mau melakukan DoS pada Access Point&#8230; Jadi nanti AP akan dibanjiri dengan paket2 data&#8230; kalo udah banjir tuh AP bakalan ngedrop.. Gimna caranya&#8230;?? nanti dulu&#8230; lirva mau menjelaskan aplikasinya dulu&#8230;. [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=intics.wordpress.com&amp;blog=2127872&amp;post=15&amp;subd=intics&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Melumpuhkan Access Point dengan Void11 &#8211;</p>
<p>Author : lirva32<br />
Email : lirva32 [at] yahoo [dot] com</p>
<p>Wah, lirva32 mau ngajarin iseng2 nih&#8230; kali ini lirva mau melakukan DoS pada Access Point&#8230;<br />
Jadi nanti AP akan dibanjiri dengan paket2 data&#8230; kalo udah banjir tuh AP bakalan ngedrop..<br />
Gimna caranya&#8230;?? nanti dulu&#8230; lirva mau menjelaskan aplikasinya dulu&#8230;.</p>
<p>Void11<br />
Void11 merupakan salah satu aplikasi yang digunakan unutk melakukan mass flooding terhadap Access Point.<br />
Void11 memiliki jenis metode attack, yaitu :</p>
<p>1. Deauthenticate Clients (default mode)<br />
Dengan metode ini, void11 akan melakukan flooding WLAN dengan &#8216;deauthentication packets&#8217; sehingga<br />
client yang terautentikasi didalam jaringannya akan ngedrop dan terputus dari jaringan WLAN.</p>
<p>2. Authentication Flood<br />
Dengan metode ini, void11 akan melakukan flooding ke Access Point dengan &#8216;authentication packets (random client MACs)&#8217;</p>
<p>3. Association Flood<br />
Dengan metode ini, void11 akan melakukan flooding dengan association packets (random client MACs)</p>
<p>Persiapan :<br />
+ komputer | laptop yang udah ada wificard dengan chipset Prism.<br />
+ Lakukan Wardriving utk mendapatkan MAC Address + SSID AP si target<br />
+ Donlod void11 dari : <a href="http://lirva32.org/images/void11-0.2.0.tar.bz2" target="_blank">http://lirva32.org/images/void11-0.2.0.tar.bz2</a><br />
+ Konfigurasi :</p>
<p>cd /tools/wifi/void11-0.2.0/console</p>
<p>iwconfig wlan0 mode master</p>
<p>iwpriv wlan0 hostapd 1</p>
<p>./void11_hopper</p>
<p>alternatif void_hopper mode juga bisa meprgunakan :</p>
<p>iwconfig wlan0 channel 6 (set card to channel 6)</p>
<p>Penggunaan :<br />
void11_penetration [interface] -D -s [type of attack] -s [station MAC] -S [SSID] -B [BSSID]</p>
<p>Penyerangan :<br />
Misalkan saja kita ingin melakukan penyerangan terhadap sebuah AP, maka saya awali dulu dengan melakukan wardriving&#8230;biasanya saya mepergunakan kismet.<br />
Dari hasil wardriving saya mendapatkan :</p>
<p>SSID : linksys<br />
mAC : 00:06:BF:64:AB:35</p>
<p>Siapakan penyerangan sbb :<br />
void11_penetration wlan0 -D -t 1 -S linksys -B 00:06:BF:64:AB:35</p>
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		<title>Membuka Akses Firewall Melalui Network</title>
		<link>http://intics.wordpress.com/2007/11/17/simple-portknocking-membuka-akses-firewall-melalui-network/</link>
		<comments>http://intics.wordpress.com/2007/11/17/simple-portknocking-membuka-akses-firewall-melalui-network/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 17 Nov 2007 09:39:53 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>intics</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Net]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Portknocking adalah merupakan salah satu metode dalam network security yang digunakan untuk membuka sebuah port yang tertutup atau membuka akses firewall dan mengizinkan knocker masuk kedalam port yang dituju melalui pengirimkan packet-packet tertentu ke server/firewall tujuan. [ Cara Kerja PortKnocking ] [SERVER] [FIREWALL] [CLIENT] &#124; &#124; &#124; &#124; &#124; &#124; &#124; &#124; &#124; &#124; &#124; [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=intics.wordpress.com&amp;blog=2127872&amp;post=14&amp;subd=intics&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<pre>Portknocking adalah merupakan salah satu metode dalam network security
yang digunakan untuk membuka sebuah port yang tertutup atau membuka akses firewall
dan mengizinkan knocker masuk kedalam port yang dituju melalui pengirimkan
packet-packet tertentu ke server/firewall tujuan.

[ Cara Kerja PortKnocking ]

           [SERVER]  [FIREWALL]                     [CLIENT]
               |         |                             |
               |         |                             |
               |         |                             |
               |         |                             |
               -         |     &lt;-----------[SYN:22]    |
             [22]        |                             |
               -         | [DENY] ----------------&gt;    |
               |         |                             |
               |         |                             |
<span id="more-14"></span>
                         [CONNECTION BLOCK PORT 22]

                         [PORTKNOCKING IN ACTION]

           [SERVER]  [FIREWALL]                     [CLIENT]
               |         |                             |
               |         |   &lt;-----------[SYN:100] [1] |
               |         |   &lt;-----------[SYN:200] [2] |
               |         |   &lt;-----------[SYN:300] [3] |
               -         |                             |
              [22]           &lt;-----------[SYN:22] [4]  |
               -         |                             |
               |         |                             |
               |         |                             |

      NOTE :

       -- Pada Ilustrasi pertama Firewall memblock packet dengan tujuan SSH[22] kedalam Server
       -- Sedangkan ilustrasi kedua Client mengirimkan Packet Knocking ke
          Firewall dengan tujuan Port 100,200,300 secara bergantiani,Karena
          Pada Firewall sudah di setting Parameter untuk knocking server,
          maka firewall akan membukaan akses dari client menuju Server
          dengan tujuan port SSH[22].

[ Konfigurasi Portknocking ]

       Sebenarnya ada banyak tools untuk mengimplemtasikan portknocking ini
dari yang mudah menggunakan, sampai yang sulit.Kebanyakan dari tools tersebut
menggunakan metode Single Packet Authorization [SPA]. SPA ini adalah teknik
mengirimkan packet tertentu kedalam portknocking server,biasanya packet yang
di kirimkan telah di Encrypt.Untuk SPA ini menggunakan metode Client-Server
dimana tools untuk Knocking berada di sisi Client dan Server. 

	Karena Pada tulisan ini berjudul Simple Portknocking maka saya akan
menggunakan cara paling sederhana untuk membuat Portknocking server dan
cara untuk memasukinya.

Contoh :

Misal :

- Port SSH[22] pada Server terbuka
- Firewall Memblock semua traffic menuju Port SSH[22]

Q  : Bagaimana cara nya agar kita dapat masuk kedalam Port SSH[22] pada Server
     dengan Rules Firewall yang di Block semua dan Membuat Firewall mengizinkan
     kita untuk mengakses Port SSH[22] Server ???
A  : Jawaban nya menggunakan Metode Portknocking dimana hanya kita yang
     mengetahui bagaimana cara firewall membukakan pintu agar kita bisa
     masuk kedalam Port SSH[22] Server.

Skenario I

       Pada skenario ini kita akan menggunakan iptables untuk membuat rules
portknocking dan Port Knocking yang akan di gunakan untuk knock adalah port 1,2,3,4

+--- Scripts ----
|
|   HOST_IP="[ip server]"
|   /sbin/iptables -A INPUT -s 0/0 -d 0/0 -j DROP
|   /sbin/iptables -N PHASE2
|   /sbin/iptables -A PHASE2 -m recent --name PHASE1 --remove
|   /sbin/iptables -A PHASE2 -m recent --name PHASE2 --set
|   /sbin/iptables -A PHASE2 -j LOG --log-prefix "INTO PHASE2: "
|   /sbin/iptables -N PHASE3
|   /sbin/iptables -A PHASE3 -m recent --name PHASE2 --remove
|   /sbin/iptables -A PHASE3 -m recent --name PHASE3 --set
|   /sbin/iptables -A PHASE3 -j LOG --log-prefix "INTO PHASE3: "
|   /sbin/iptables -N PHASE4
|   /sbin/iptables -A PHASE4 -m recent --name PHASE3 --remove
|   /sbin/iptables -A PHASE4 -m recent --name PHASE4 --set
|   /sbin/iptables -A PHASE4 -j LOG --log-prefix "INTO PHASE4: "
|   /sbin/iptables -A INPUT -m recent --update --name PHASE1
|   /sbin/iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 1 -m recent --set --name PHASE1
|   /sbin/iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 2 -m recent --rcheck --name PHASE1 -j PHASE2
|   /sbin/iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 3 -m recent --rcheck --name PHASE2 -j PHASE3
|   /sbin/iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 4 -m recent --rcheck --name PHASE3 -j PHASE4
|   /sbin/iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -s 0/0  -d $HOST_IP --dport 22 -m recent --rcheck --seconds 5 --name PHASE4 -j ACCEPT
|   /sbin/iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -m state --state NEW -j REJECT
|
+--- Scripts ----

       Setelah menjalankan rules iptables pada firewall selanjut nya
melakukan ujicoba dengan melakukan telnet menuju port 1,2,3 dan 4 lalu
melakukan ssh kedalam server.

+--- Code ----
|
|   #!/bin/bash
|   echo Please, enter your Ip Server :
|   read ipserver
|   alias k='telnet $ipserver'
|   for i in `seq 1 4`;
|       do
|       k $i
|    done
|    ssh $ipserver
|
+--- Code ----

       Saya mempunyai beberapa ide salah satunya adalah portknocking dengan
menggunakan salah satu IP header yaitu TOS [Type Of Service] sebagai kunci
untuk menjalankan SSH Service pada Server.

	Berikut contoh code nya :

+------------------- code -------------------------------
|
| #!/usr/bin/perl -w
|
| use strict;
| use NetPacket::IP qw(:flags);
| use Net::PcapUtils;
| use NetPacket::Ethernet qw(:strip);
| sub process_pkt {
|   my ($arg, $hdr, $pkt) = @_;
|   my $ip_obj   = NetPacket::IP-&gt;decode(eth_strip($pkt));
|    if ($ip_obj-&gt;{tos} == 10) {
|     system("/etc/init.d/ssh start");
|     }
|     }
|
| Net::PcapUtils::loop(\&amp;process_pkt, FILTER =&gt; 'ip');
|
|
+------------------- code --------------------------------

       Cara kerja script di atas adalah dengan mengcapture packet-packet yang
masuk kedalam server lalu mengambil IP Header berupa TOS. Jika TOS nya adalah 10
maka script akan menjalankan service SSH. Secara Default Semua Packet IP
mempunyai nilai TOS 0.

Q : Bagaimana cara untuk merubah TOS sebuah packet ??
A : Untuk merubah TOS sebuah packet yang mudah adalah menggunakan
    command ping pada LINUX

	Dengan ping kita bisa berubah TOS Quality nya.
   	+----
        | command : ping [target] -Q [tos]
   	| contoh  : ping 172.100.100.12 -Q 10
        +----

Dengan Menggunakan tcpdump untuk melihat TOS sebuah packet

+--- Result ----
|
|   #tcpdump -nXvs 1514 icmp
|   00:00:43.984614 IP (tos 0xa,ECT(0), ttl  64, id 0, offset 0, flags [DF], proto: ICMP (1), length: 84) 10.100.17.127 &gt; 10100.17.143: ICMP echo request, id 12641, seq 1, length 64
|   0x0000:  450a 0054 0000 4000 4001 1382 0a08 097f  E..T..@.@.......
|   0x0010:  0a08 098f 0800 3509 3161 0001 8874 8e46  ......5.1a...t.F
|   0x0020:  8ad6 0500 0809 0a0b 0c0d 0e0f 1011 1213  ................
|   0x0030:  1415 1617 1819 1a1b 1c1d 1e1f 2021 2223  .............!"#
|   0x0040:  2425 2627 2829 2a2b 2c2d 2e2f 3031 3233  $%&amp;'()*+,-./0123
|   0x0050:  3435 3637                                4567
|   00:00:44.017532 IP (tos 0xa,ECT(0), ttl  64, id 51381, offset 0, flags [none], proto: ICMP (1), length: 84) 10.100.17.143 &gt; 10.100.17.127: ICMP echo reply, id 12641, seq 1, length 64
|   0x0000:  450a 0054 c8b5 0000 4001 8acc 0a08 098f  E..T....@.......
|   0x0010:  0a08 097f 0000 3d09 3161 0001 8874 8e46  ......=.1a...t.F
|   0x0020:  8ad6 0500 0809 0a0b 0c0d 0e0f 1011 1213  ................
|   0x0030:  1415 1617 1819 1a1b 1c1d 1e1f 2021 2223  .............!"#
|   0x0040:  2425 2627 2829 2a2b 2c2d 2e2f 3031 3233  $%&amp;'()*+,-./0123
|   0x0050:  3435 3637                                4567
|
+--- Result ----

[ Catatan ]

   - tos 0xa = tos 10
   - Cara di atas merupakan cara sederhana dari sebuah portknocking,
     sehingga semua packet data masih dapat di capture dan dibaca secara jelas.
   - SIlakan melakukan experimen sendiri sesuai dengan kebutuhan anda.

[ Penutup ]

       Selamat mencoba menggunakan metode portknocking ini, semoga artikel
ini dapat berguna bagi kita semua.

[ Referensi ]

- Port Knocking and Other Uses of 'Recent Match' : http://www.shorewall.net/PortKnocking.html
- Portknocking  : http://portknocking.org
- Assemble and disassemble IP (Internet Protocol) packets : http://search.cpan.org/~atrak/NetPacket-0.04/</pre>
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		<title>Active Server Pages</title>
		<link>http://intics.wordpress.com/2007/11/17/active-server-pages/</link>
		<comments>http://intics.wordpress.com/2007/11/17/active-server-pages/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 17 Nov 2007 09:38:04 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>intics</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[News]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://intics.wordpress.com/2007/11/17/active-server-pages/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[ASP atau Active Server Pages adalah produk server-side scripting yang ikeluarkan oleh Microsoft Corporation. Terdapat beberapa perbedaan antara ASP dengan server-side scripting lainnya, diantaranya : - Lisensi, seperti yang diketahui ASP adalah bersifat proprietary. - Distribusi, ASP hanya dapat dijalankan di sistem operasi windows dengan IIS yang terinstall didalamnya, Walaupun dapat dijalankan di linux/unix dengan [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=intics.wordpress.com&amp;blog=2127872&amp;post=13&amp;subd=intics&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<pre>ASP atau Active Server Pages adalah produk server-side scripting yang ikeluarkan oleh Microsoft Corporation. Terdapat beberapa perbedaan antara ASP
dengan server-side scripting lainnya, diantaranya :

 	- Lisensi, seperti yang diketahui ASP adalah bersifat proprietary.
 	- Distribusi, ASP hanya dapat dijalankan di sistem operasi windows dengan IIS yang terinstall didalamnya, Walaupun dapat dijalankan
          di linux/unix dengan Chilisoft ASP, tidak dapat selancar bila di windows.
	- Penggunaan COM object yang kental, salah satu keunggulan ASP adalah kekayaannya dalam integrasi dengan COM Object dalam kinerjanya.
 	- Dapat berkolaborasi dengan script lainnya, seperti VBScript, JScript, PerlScript, PyhonScript, dan lainnya.
 	- Dominan memakai ADO dalam konektivitas databasenya.
<span id="more-13"></span>
	Dalam perkembangannya, saat ini ASP sudah mengimplementasikan konsep .NET didalamnya. Berikut adalah sejarah singkat dari perkembangan ASP :
 	- ASP version 1.0 (distributed with IIS 3.0) , Desember 1996,
 	- ASP version 2.0 (distributed with IIS 4.0) , September 1997,
 	- ASP version 3.0 (distributed with IIS 5.0) , November 2000,
 	- ASP.NET version 1.0 (part of the Microsoft .NET platform) , Januari 2002
 	- ASP.NET version 1.1 , April 2003
 	- ASP.NET version 2.0 , November 7 2005)

 	Pada artikel ini akan dijelaskan bagaimana membuat dan mengimplementasikan ActiveX DLL di halaman ASP. Mengapa menggunakan ActiveX DLL? Karena komponen tersebut
dapat diubah dan dibuat dengan mudah, tentunya jika diimbangi dengan pengetahuan pemograman
yang baik. Secara umumnya, pengaksesan komponen ActiveX DLL dari script ASP adalah :

 | set obj = Server.createobject(object/file_name.classname)

	Objectname adalah nama object/file yang sudah teregistrasi di windows sebelumnya, dan classname adalah nama class dari object tersebut. Sedangkan untuk pengaksesan fungsi
atau method yang ada di object tersebut adalah :

 | obj.methodname(param)

 	Param adalah parameter masukan untuk fungsi. 

[ How to build ]

	Dalam membuat komponen ActiveX untuk ASP perlu diperhatikan hal-hal sebagai berikut :
 	- Privilege atau hak akses. Jika komponen ActiveX perlu menjalankan suatu program,  menghapus/membuat file dan kegiatan akses sistem lainnya, perlu konfigurasi
          privilege yang baik. Karena jika tidak maka akan terjadi penolakan hak akses dari sistem operasi.
 	- Run-time, pada saat eksekusi komponen ActiveX maka komponen tersebut akan diload oleh IIS Worker Process atau w3wp.exe. Maka bila terjadi kesalahan atau kondisi
	  dimana komponen tidak respon, diperlukan penanganan seperti merestart service IIS guna membuka handle ke file ActiveX DLL tsb.
 	- Registrasi komponen, registrasi komponen dengan menggunakan tools regsvr32.exe
 	  diperlukan agar IIS dapat mengetahui komponen yang akan dijalankannya. Registrasi \ dapat dilakukan dengan cara mengetikkan : regsvr32.exe [path/nama DLL] pada
	  kotak Run dan untuk unregister komponen dengan cara : regsvr32.exe /u [path/nama DLL].

	Selanjutnya kita akan membuat contoh komponen ActiveX yang sederhana dengan bahasa emograman Visual Basic 6.0. Untuk memilih pembuatan ActiveX, dapat dilakukan dengan cara
memilih jenis projek pada jendela pilihan projek. Pilihlah projek New ActiveX DLL. Maka akan tersaji 1 buah class kosong yang siap digunakan. Perlu diketahui bahwa pengaturan
properties class Instancing harus diset ke nilai 5 atau MultiUse. Berikut adalah contoh fungsi yang akan mengembalikan nilai perhitungan aritmatika :

------------------ START COPy FROM HERE ------------------
 |
 | Public Function hitung(ByRef x As Integer, ByRef y As Integer) As Integer
 |  hitung = (x + y) * 2
 | End Function
 |
------------------ STOP COPy FROM HERE ------------------

	Lalu simpanlah projek dengan nama coba.vbp dan nama class dengan nama hitung1.cls.
Lalu buatlah komponen ActiveX dari projek tersebut dengan memilih menu File -&gt; Make Coba.dll
dari toolbar. Registrasi komponen tersebut dengan command dari kotak Run : Regsvr32.exe coba.dll.
Buatlah file ASP berikut ini :

------------------ START COPy FROM HERE ------------------
 |
 | &lt;%
 |   dim hasil
 |   set obj = Server.createobject("coba.hitung1")
 |   hasil = obj.hitung(1,2)
 |   Response.Write hasil
 | %&gt;
 |
------------------ STOP COPy FROM HERE ------------------

	Lalu jalankanlah dari browser anda, maka akan terlihat bahwa tercetak angka "6"
dari hasil perhitungan fungsi hitung. Memang terlihat masih sangat sederhana, tetapi
komponen ActiveX dapat dibuat dan digunakan untuk keperluan yang sangat banyak, Seperti
perhitungan matematis yang rumit, prosedur Pengecekan Anti-Virus, mengirimkan email
secara otomatis, dan lain sebagainya. Disamping kemudahan menggunakan komponen ActiveX dalam ASP,
juga terdapat kekurangannya yaitu pemanggilan fungsi/method dari object diperlukan waktu
yang lama.Bahkan untuk membuat object itu sendiri juga diperlukan waktu yang lama. 

	Berikut adalah tabel perbandingan antara waktu eksekusi VBS, JS dan VB :

Time taken by same code in VB/VBS/JS.	

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 VB Code 	 			VBS Time [mics] 	 JS Time [mics]  	 VB5 Time [mics]
---------------------------------------------+-------+----------+--------------+--------+--------------+
 Application("A2"), 0items 	  		35 	 		54 	 		 7
 Application("A4"), 1000items 	  		42 	 		65 		 	15
 request.querystring 	 	 		124 	  					 8
 request.querystring("A") 	 		176 	 	       161 	 		47
 request.querystring.Item("A") 	 		210 	 	       205 	 		47
 request.servervariables("HTTP_REFERER") 	177 	 	       175 	 		55
 request.ServerVariables("REMOTE_ADDR") 	205 	 	       175 	 		74
 request.servervariables("X") 	 		224 	 	       226 	 		95
 request.servervariables("HTTP_COOKIE") 	318 	  	 			       109
 request.cookies("AAA") 	 		165 	 	       160 	 		47
 request.totalbytes 	 			 61 	 	        61 	 		 3
 A = X &amp; "AAAA" 	 			4.6 	  	 				 1.7
 A = "" &amp; Now() 	 			40.7 	  	 				29.3
 D = Now 	 				10.8 	  	 				 9.8
 A = FormatNumber(5.5,2) 	 		17.6
 A = Format(5.5, "0.00") 	  	  	 						52.4
 A = Left(X,2) 	 				 5.8 	  	 				 1.7
 D = InStr(X, "bb") 				 4.4 	  	 				 1.4
 Call sub 	 				 7.4 	  	 				 1.4
 CreateObject("ADODB.Connection") 	 	1110 	  	 				471
 CreateObject("ADODB.Recordset") 	 	 751 	  	 				 83
 CreateObject("Scripting.Dictionary") 	 	 590 	  	 				257
 CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject") 	 350 	  	 				 27
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

	Penggunaan memory juga mempengaruhi kinerja dari ASP. ASP mempunyai karakteristik
menyimpan file include di dalam memory setiap dipanggil. Jadi bila Terdapat banyak file
include, maka akan membebani sistem itu sendiri. Contohnya bila terdapat 100 kB file include
dan tiap byte dari file tersbut memakan 3 byte di memory dan file tersbut di include
ke dalam 100 file ASP, maka 100 * 3 * 100 = 30 MB jumlah memory yang digunakan.Sedangkan
pada penggunaan komponen ActiveX pada ASP akan sedikit menguntungkan, karena komponen
akan terus di memory begitu ia diload atau di eksekusi hingga di bebaskan kembali oleh IIS. 

[ Penutup ]

	Penggunaan komponen ActiveX di halaman ASP sangat mudah dibuat dan diimpelemntasikan.
Komponen ActiveX dapat membuat konten web lebih dinamis dan membantu perhitungan matematis
bila diperlukan. Penggunaan komponen ActiveX juga terdapat kelemahannya, seperti pembuatan
dan pemanggilan object yang cukup memakan waktu.

[ Notes ]
	- Penulis TIDAK bertanggung jawab atas penggunaan maupun penyalahgunaan dari artikel ini.
	- Tujuan dibuat artikel HANYA untuk BAHAN PEMBELAJARAN saja.
        - Penggunaan nama, merek, atau logo hanya sebagai CONTOH dan REFERENSI saja, TIDAK ada maksud
          mempromosikan pihak tertentu.
        - Penulis mohon maaf apabila seluruh/sebagian dari isi artikel ini sudah tersirat dalam
          artikel sejenis lainnya.

[Referensi]

 	[1] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active_Server_Pages
 	[2] http://www.motobit.com/tips/detpg_DLLinclude/
 	[3] http://www.planet-source-code.com/
 	[4] http://support.microsoft.com/kb/249873
 	[5] http://www.google.co.id/</pre>
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		<title>PEDOMAN LOMBA KARYA TULIS MAHASISWA (LKTM)</title>
		<link>http://intics.wordpress.com/2007/11/17/pedoman-lomba-karya-tulis-mahasiswa-lktm/</link>
		<comments>http://intics.wordpress.com/2007/11/17/pedoman-lomba-karya-tulis-mahasiswa-lktm/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 17 Nov 2007 08:55:50 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>intics</dc:creator>
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		<description><![CDATA[1.  Definisi / Pengertian Karya tulis mahasiswa merupakan tulisan berisi ide kreatif dan orisinil yang disusun secara komprehensif berdasarkan data akurat (terpercaya), dianalisa secara runtut, tajam dan diakhiri dengan kesimpulan serta saran-saran / rekomendasi. Karya tulis mahasiswa dimaksud bukan merupakan laporan hasil penelitian. 2.  Bidang Ilmu yang dilombakan Bidang yang dilombakan dalam Lomba Karya Tulis [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=intics.wordpress.com&amp;blog=2127872&amp;post=12&amp;subd=intics&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>1.  Definisi / Pengertian<br />
Karya tulis mahasiswa merupakan tulisan berisi ide kreatif dan orisinil yang<br />
disusun secara komprehensif berdasarkan data akurat (terpercaya), dianalisa<br />
secara runtut, tajam dan diakhiri dengan kesimpulan serta saran-saran /<br />
rekomendasi. Karya tulis mahasiswa dimaksud bukan merupakan laporan hasil<br />
penelitian.</p>
<p>2.  Bidang Ilmu yang dilombakan<br />
Bidang yang dilombakan dalam Lomba Karya Tulis Mahasiswa ini meliputi tiga<br />
bidang, yaitu : (a) Bidang ilmu pengetahuan alam / IPA ; (b) Bidang ilmu<br />
pengetahuan sosial / IPS ; (c) Bidang pendidikan. Bidang lomba dapat diikuti<br />
oleh setiap mahasiswa dan tidak dibatasi oleh bidang ilmu yang ditekuninya.</p>
<p>3.  Persyaratan Peserta<br />
a.  Peserta Lomba Karya Tulis adalah mahasiswa perguruan tinggi negeri dan<br />
swasta di Jawa Timur yang sedang mengikuti program Diploma atau S1<br />
b.  Peserta bersifat kelompok yang terdiri dari 2 (dua) orang<br />
c.  Anggota peserta kelompok dapat berasal dari berbagai disiplin ilmu<br />
d.  Peserta belum pernah mempresentasikan karya tulis yang sama pada lomba<br />
karya tulis lainnya<br />
e.  Bagi peserta yang masuk nominasi 10 besar diwajibkan mempresentasikan<br />
karya tulisnya di hadapan Dewan Juri</p>
<p>4.  Proses Seleksi<br />
Seleksi terhadap karya tulis peserta yang dipandang memenuhi syarat untuk<br />
mengikuti tahap nominasi oleh Dewan Juri dilakukan oleh masing-masing<br />
perguruan tinggi dengan menunjuk Pembantu Dekan Bidang Kemahasiswaan di<br />
masing-masing  fakultas sebagai pelaksana teknik. Karya Tulis yang memenuhi<br />
syarat untuk masuk nominasi tersebut disampaikan kepada Panitia Lomba LKTM<br />
tentang pelayanan publik di Jawa Timur Jl. Pahlawan 110 Surabaya Telp. (031)<br />
3550949 selambat-lambatnya tanggal 17 Nopember 2006</p>
<p>5.  Tema dan Topik<br />
Materi tulisan mengacu pada satu tema, yaitu : ”Penyelenggaraan Pelayanan<br />
Publik yang Prima menuju Peningkatan Daya Saing Daerah dalam Pelaksanaan<br />
Otonomi Daerah”. Topik tulisan disesuaikan dengan bidang ilmu yang<br />
dilombakan.</p>
<p>6.  Sifat dan isi Tulisan<br />
Sifat dan isi tulisan harus memenuhi syarat-syarat sebagai berikut :<br />
1.1  Kreatif dan Objektif<br />
a.  Tulisan berisi gagasan yang kreatif untuk mensolusikan permasalahan<br />
dalam penyelenggaraan pelayanan publik di Jawa Timur yang<br />
merupakan hasil pemikiran secara divergen atau pemikiran yang<br />
terbuka.<br />
b.  Tulisan tidak bersifat emosional atau tidak menonjolkan permasalahan<br />
subjektif<br />
c.  Tulisan didukung oleh data dan/atau informasi terpercaya<br />
d.  Bersifat asli (bukan karya jiplakan) dan menjauhi duplikasi</p>
<p>1.2  Logis dan Sistematis<br />
a.  Tiap langkah penulisan dirancang secara sistematis dan runtut<br />
b.  Pada dasarnya karya tulis ilmiah memuat unsur-unsur identifikasi<br />
masalah, analisis-sintesis, kesimpulan dan memuat saran-saran<br />
dan/atau rekomendasi<br />
1.3  Isi tulisan berdasarkan telah pustaka dan hasil pengamatan dan atau<br />
interview, tetapi bukan hasil penelitian<br />
1.4  Materi karya tulis tidak harus sejalan dengan bidang ilmu yang sedang<br />
ditekuni para penulis / mahasiswa<br />
1.5  Materi karya tulis merupakan isu mutakhir (current issues) atau aktual<br />
1.6  Setiap kegiatan penulisan perlu mendapat bimbingan dari seorang dosen<br />
secara intensif</p>
<p>2.  Sistematika Penulisan<br />
Sistematika penulisan hendaknya berisi rancangan yang teratur dan lazim<br />
digunakan dalam karya tulis ilmiah antara lain sebagai berikut :<br />
2.1  Bagian awal, yang terdiri dari Halaman Judul yang dilengkapi dengan<br />
nama penulis dan nomor induk mahasiswa dan pengesahan yang<br />
ditandatangani oleh dosen pembimbing dan pimipinan perguruan tinggi<br />
atau yang mewakili lengkap dengan stempel perguruan tinggi dan diberi<br />
tanggal sesuai tanggal pengesahan; Kata Pengantar dari penulis; dan<br />
Abstraksi<br />
2.2  Bagian inti, yang terdiri dari Pendahuluan, Kerangka Pikir, Pembahasan<br />
(yang dibagi dalam sub-sub bahasan), Kesimpulan, Saran-Saran /<br />
Rekomendasi, dan Daftar Pustaka</p>
<p>3.  Tata Naskah<br />
Naskah tulisan minimal 15 halaman dan maksimal 20 halaman, ditulis dengan<br />
huruf Times New Roman font 12 pada kertas ukuran A4 dengan spasi 1,5</p>
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