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Hacking Knowledge: 77 Ways to Learn Faster, Deeper, and Better

If someone granted you one wish, what do you imagine you would want out of life that you haven’t gotten yet? For many people, it would be self-improvement and knowledge. New knowledge is the backbone of society’s progress. Great thinkers such as Leonardo da Vinci, Thomas Edison, Benjamin Franklin, Albert Einstein, and others’ quests for knowledge have led society to many of the marvels we enjoy today. Your quest for knowledge doesn’t have to be as Earth-changing as Einstein’s, but it can be an important part of your life, leading to a new job, better pay, a new hobby, or simply knowledge for knowledge’s sake — whatever is important to you as an end goal.

Life-changing knowledge does typically require advanced learning techniques. In fact, it’s been said that the average adult only uses 10% of his/her brain. Imagine what we may be capable of with more advanced learning techniques. Here are 77 tips related to knowledge and learning to help you on your quest. A few are specifically for students in traditional learning institutions; the rest for self-starters, or those learning on their own. Happy learning.

Health

1. Shake a leg. Lack of blood flow is a common reason for lack of concentration. If you’ve been sitting in one place for awhile, bounce one of your legs for a minute or two. It gets your blood flowing and sharpens both concentration and recall.
2. Food for thought: Eat breakfast. A lot of people skip breakfast, but creativity is often optimal in the early morning and it helps to have some protein in you to feed your brain. A lack of protein can actually cause headaches.
3. Food for thought, part 2: Eat a light lunch. Heavy lunches have a tendency to make people drowsy. While you could turn this to your advantage by taking a “thinking nap” (see #23), most people haven’t learned how.
4. Cognitive enhancers: Ginkgo biloba. Ginkgo biloba is a natural supplement that has been used in China and other countries for centuries and has been reputed to reverse memory loss in rats. It’s also suggested by some health practitioners as a nootrope and thus a memory enhancer.
5. Reduce stress + depresssion. Stress and depression may reduce the ability to recall information and thus inhibit learning. Sometimes, all you need to reduce depression is more white light and fewer refined foods.

Balance

1. Sleep on it. Dr. Maxwell Maltz wrote about in his book Psycho-Cybernetics about a man who was was paid good money to come up with ideas. He would lock his office door, close the blinds, turn off the lights. He’d focus on the problem at hand, then take a short nap on a couch. When he awoke, he usually had the problem solved.
2. Take a break. Change phyical or mental perspective to lighten the invisible stress that can sometimes occur when you sit in one place too long, focused on learning. Taking a 5-15 minute break every hour during study sessions is more beneficial than non-stop study. It gives your mind time to relax and absorb information. If you want to get really serious with breaks, try a 20 minute ultradian break as part of every 90 minute cycle. This includes a nap break, which is for a different purpose than #23.
3. Take a hike. Changing your perspective often relieves tension, thus freeing your creative mind. Taking a short walk around the neighborhood may help.
4. Change your focus. Sometimes there simply isn’t enough time to take a long break. If so, change subject focus. Alternate between technical and non-technical subjects.

Perspective and Focus

1. Change your focus, part 2. There are three primary ways to learn: visual, kinesthetic, and auditory. If one isn’t working for you, try another.
2. Do walking meditation. If you’re taking a hike (#25), go one step further and learn walking meditation as a way to tap into your inner resources and your strengthen your ability to focus. Just make sure you’re not walking inadvertently into traffic.
3. Focus and immerse yourself. Focus on whatever you’re studying. Don’t try to watch TV at the same time or worry yourself about other things. Anxiety does not make for absorption of information and ideas.
4. Turn out the lights. This is a way to focus, if you are not into meditating. Sit in the dark, block out extraneous influences. This is ideal for learning kinesthetically, such as guitar chord changes.
5. Take a bath or shower. Both activities loosen you up, making your mind more receptive to recognizing brilliant ideas.

Recall Techniques

1. Listen to music. Researchers have long shown that certain types of music are a great “key” for recalling memories. Information learned while listening to a particular song or collection can often be recalled simply by “playing” the songs mentally.
2. Speedread. Some people believe that speedreading causes you to miss vital information. The fact remains that efficient speedreading results in filtering out irrelevant information. If necessary, you can always read and re-read at slower speeds. Slow reading actually hinders the ability to absorb general ideas. (Although technical subjects often requirer slower reading.) If you’re reading online, you can try the free Spreeder Web-based application.
3. Use acronyms and other mnemonic devices. Mnemonics are essentially tricks for remembering information. Some tricks are so effective that proper application will let you recall loads of mundane information years later.

Visual Aids

1. Every picture tells a story. Draw or sketch whatever it is you are trying to achieve. Having a concrete goal in mind helps you progress towards that goal.
2. Brainmap it. Need to plan something? Brain maps, or mind maps, offer a compact way to get both an overview of a project as well as easily add details. With mind maps, you can see the relationships between disparate ideas and they can also act as a receptacle for a brainstorming session.
3. Learn symbolism and semiotics. Semiotics is the study of signs and symbols. Having an understanding of the symbols of a particular discipline aids in learning, and also allows you to record information more efficiently.
4. Use information design. When you record information that has an inherent structure, applying information design helps convey that information more clearly. A great resource is Information Aesthetics, which gives examples of information design and links to their sources.
5. Use visual learning techniques. Try gliffy for structured diagrams. Also see Inspiration.com for an explanation of webs, idea maps, concept maps, and plots.
6. Map your task flow. Learning often requires gaining knowledge in a specific sequence. Organizing your thoughts on what needs to be done is a powerful way to prepare yourself to complete tasks or learn new topics.

Verbal and Auditory Techniques

1. Stimulate ideas. Play rhyming games, utter nonsense words. These loosen you up, making you more receptive to learning.
2. Brainstorm. This is a time-honored technique that combines verbal activity, writing, and collaboration. (One person can brainstorm, but it’s more effective in a group.) It’s fruitful if you remember some simple rules: Firstly, don’t shut anyone’s idea out. Secondly, don’t “edit” in progress; just record all ideas first, then dissect them later. Participating in brainstorming helps assess what you already know about something, and what you didn’t know.
3. Learn by osmosis. Got an iPod? Record a few of your own podcasts, upload them to your iPod and sleep on it. Literally. Put it under your pillow and playback language lessons or whatever.
4. Cognitive enhancers: binaural beats. Binaural beats involve playing two close frequencies simultaneously to produce alpha, beta, delta, and theta waves, all of which produce either sleeping, restfulness, relaxation, meditativeness, alertness, or concentration. Binaural beats are used in conjunction with other excercises for a type of super-learning.
5. Laugh. Laughing relaxes the body. A relaxed body is more receptive to new ideas.

Kinesthetic Techniques

1. Write, don’t type. While typing your notes into the computer is great for posterity, writing by hand stimulates ideas. The simple act of holding and using a pen or pencil massages acupuncture points in the hand, which in turn stimulates ideas.
2. Carry a quality notebook at all times. Samuel Taylor Coleridge dreamed the words of the poem “In Xanadu (did Kubla Khan)…”. Upon awakening, he wrote down what he could recall, but was distracted by a visitor and promptly forgot the rest of the poem. Forever. If you’ve been doing “walking meditation” or any kind of meditation or productive napping, ideas may suddenly come to you. Record them immediately.
3. Keep a journal. This isn’t exactly the same as a notebook. Journaling has to do with tracking experiences over time. If you add in visual details, charts, brainmaps, etc., you have a much more creative way to keep tabs on what you are learning.
4. Organize. Use sticky colored tabs to divide up a notebook or journal. They are a great way to partition ideas for easy referral.
5. Use post-it notes. Post-it notes provide a helpful way to record your thoughts about passages in books without defacing them with ink or pencil marks.

Self-Motivation Techniques

1. Give yourself credit. Ideas are actually a dime a dozen. If you learn to focus your mind on what results you want to achieve, you’ll recognize the good ideas. Your mind will become a filter for them, which will motivate you to learn more.
2. Motivate yourself. Why do you want to learn something? What do want to achieve through learning? If you don’t know why you want to learn, then distractions will be far more enticing.
3. Set a goal. W. Clement Stone once said “Whatever the mind of man can conceive, it can achieve.” It’s an amazing phenomenon in goal achievement. Prepare yourself by whatever means necessary, and hurdles will seem surmountable. Anyone who has experienced this phenomenon understands its validity.
4. Think positive. There’s no point in setting learning goals for yourself if you don’t have any faith in your ability to learn.
5. Organize, part 2. Learning is only one facet of the average adult’s daily life. You need to organize your time and tasks else you might find it difficult to fit time in for learning. Try Neptune for a browser-based application for “getting things done.”
6. Every skill is learned. With the exception of bodily functions, every skill in life is learned. Generally speaking, if one person can learn something, so can you. It may take you more effort, but if you’ve set a believable goal, it’s likely an achievable goal.
7. Prepare yourself for learning. Thinking positive isn’t sufficient for successfully achieving goals. This is especially important if you are an adult, as you’ll probably have many distractions surrounding your daily life. Implement ways to reduce distractions, at least for a few hours at a time, else learning will become a frustrating experience.
8. Prepare yourself, part 2. Human nature is such that not everyone in your life will be a well-wisher in your self-improvement and learning plans. They may intentionally or subconsciously distract you from your goal. If you have classes to attend after work, make sure that work colleagues know this, that you are unable to work late. Diplomacy works best if you think your boss is intentionally giving you work on the days he/she knows you have to leave. Reschedule lectures to a later time slot if possible/ necessary.
9. Constrain yourself. Most people need structure in their lives. Freedom is sometimes a scary thing. It’s like chaos. But even chaos has order within. By constraining yourself — say giving yourself deadlines, limiting your time on an idea in some manner, or limiting the tools you are working with — you can often accomplish more in less time.

Supplemental Techniques

1. Read as much as you can. How much more obvious can it get? Use Spreeder (#33) if you have to. Get a breadth of topics as well as depth.
2. Cross-pollinate your interests. Neurons that connect to existing neurons give you new perspectives and abilities to use additional knowledge in new ways.
3. Learn another language. New perspectives give you the ability to cross-pollinate cultural concepts and come up with new ideas. As well, sometimes reading a book in its original language will provide you with insights lost in translation.
4. Learn how to learn. Management Help has a resource page, as does SIAST (Virtual Campus), which links to articles about learning methods. They are geared towards online learning, but no doubt you gain something from them for any type of learning. If you are serious about optimum learning, read Headrush’s Crash course in learning theory.
5. Learn what you know and what you don’t. Many people might say, “I’m dumb,” or “I don’t know anything about that.” The fact is, many people are wholly unaware of what they already know about a topic. If you want to learn about a topic, you need to determine what you already know, figure out what you don’t know, and then learn the latter.
6. Multi-task through background processes. Effective multi-tasking allows you to bootstrap limited time to accomplish several tasks. Learning can be bootstrapped through multi-tasking, too. By effective multitasking, I don’t mean doing two or more things at exactly the same time. It’s not possible. However, you can achieve the semblance of effective multitasking with the right approach, and by prepping your mind for it. For example, a successful freelance writer learns to manage several articles at the same time. Research the first essay, and then let the background processes of your mind takeover. Move on consciously to the second essay. While researching the second essay, the first one will often “write itself.” Be prepared to record it when it “appears” to you.
7. Think holistically. Holistic thinking might be the single most “advanced” learning technique that would help students. But it’s a mindset rather than a single technique.
8. Use the right type of repetition. Complex concepts often require revisting in order to be fully absorbed. Sometimes, for some people, it may actually take months or years. Repetition of concepts and theory with various concrete examples improves absorption and speeds up learning.
9. Apply the Quantum Learning (QL) model. The Quantum Learning model is being applied in some US schools and goes beyond typical education methods to engage students.
10. Get necessary tools. There are obviously all kinds of tools for learning. If you are learning online like a growing number of people these days, then consider your online tools. One of the best tools for online research is the Firefox web browser, which has loads of extensions (add-ons) with all manner of useful features. One is Googlepedia, which simultaneously displays Google search engine listings, when you search for a term, with related entries from Wikipedia.
11. Get necessary tools, part 2. This is a very niche tip, but if you want to learn fast-track methods for building software, read Getting Real from 37 Signals. The Web page version is free. The techniques in the book have been used to create Basecamp, Campfire, and Backpack web applications in a short time frame. Each of these applications support collaboration and organization.
12. Learn critical thinking. As Keegan-Michael Key’s character on MadTV might say, critical thinking takes analysis to “a whole notha level”. Read Wikipedia’s discourse on critical thinking as a starting point. It involves good analytical skills to aid the ability to learn selectively.
13. Learn complex problem solving. For most people, life is a series of problems to be solved. Learning is part of the process. If you have a complex problem, you need to learn the art of complex problem solving. [The latter page has some incredible visual information.]

For Teachers, Tutors, and Parents

1. Be engaging. Lectures are one-sided and often counter-productive. Information merely heard or witnessed (from a chalkboard for instance) is often forgotten. Teaching is not simply talking. Talking isn’t enough. Ask students questions, present scenarios, engage them.
2. Use information pyramids. Learning happens in layers. Build base knowledge upon which you can add advanced concepts.
3. Use video games. Video games get a bad rap because of certain violent games. But video games in general can often be an effective aid to learning.
4. Role play. Younger people often learn better by being part of a learning experience. For example, history is easier to absorb through reenactments.
5. Apply the 80/20 rule. This rule is often interpreted in dfferent ways. In this case, the 80/20 rule means that some concepts, say about 20% of a curriculum, require more effort and time, say about 80%, than others. So be prepared to expand on complex topics.
6. Tell stories. Venus Flytrap, a character from the sitcom WKRP in Cincinnati, once taught a student gang member about atoms, electrons, and protons by saying that an atom was one big neighborhood, and the protons and neutrons had their own smaller neighborhoods and never mixed. Just like rival gangs. The story worked, and understanding sparked in the students eyes.
7. Go beyond the public school curriculum. The public school system is woefully lacking in teaching advanced learning and brainstorming methods. It’s not that the methods cannot be taught; they just aren’t. To learn more, you have to pay a premium in additional time and effort, and sometimes money for commercially available learning tools. There’s nothing wrong with that in itself, but what is taught in schools needs to be expanded. This article’s author has proven that a nine-year old can learn (some) university level math, if the learning is approached correctly.
8. Use applied learning. If a high school student were having trouble in math, say with fractions, one example of applied learning might be photography, lenses, f-stops, etc. Another example is cooking and measurement of ingredients. Tailor the applied learning to the interest of the student.

For Students and Self-Studiers

1. Be engaged. Surprise. Sometimes students are bored because they know more than is being taught, maybe even more than a teacher. (Hopefully teachers will assess what each student already knows.) Students should discuss with a teacher if they feel that the material being covered is not challenging. Also consider asking for additional materials.
2. Teach yourself. Teachers cannot always change their curricula. If you’re not being challenged, challenge yourself. Some countries still apply country-wide exams for all students. If your lecturer didn’t cover a topic, you should learn it on your own. Don’t wait for someone to teach you. Lectures are most effective when you’ve pre-introduced yourself to concepts.
3. Collaborate. If studying by yourself isn’t working, maybe a study group will help.
4. Do unto others: teach something. The best way to learn something better is to teach it to someone else. It forces you to learn, if you are motivated enough to share your knowledge.
5. Write about it. An effective way to “teach” something is to create an FAQ or a wiki containing everything you know about a topic. Or blog about the topic. Doing so helps you to realize what you know and more importantly what you don’t. You don’t even have to spend money if you grab a freebie account with Typepad, WordPress, or Blogger.
6. Learn by experience. Pretty obvious, right? It means put in the necessary time. An expert is often defined as someone who has put in 10,000 hours into some experience or endeavor. That’s approximately 5 years of 40 hours per week, every week. Are you an expert without realizing it? If you’re not, do you have the dedication to be an expert?
7. Quiz yourself. Testing what you’ve learned will reinforce the information. Flash cards are one of the best ways, and are not just for kids.
8. Learn the right things first. Learn the basics. Case in point: a frustrating way to learn a new language is to learn grammar and spelling and sentence constructs first. This is not the way a baby learns a language, and there’s no reason why an adult or young adult has to start differently, despite “expert” opinion. Try for yourself and see the difference.
9. Plan your learning. If you have a long-term plan to learn something, then to quote Led Zeppelin, “There are two paths you can go by.” You can take a haphazard approach to learning, or you can put in a bit of planning and find an optimum path. Plan your time and balance your learning and living.

Parting Advice

1. Persist. Don’t give up learning in the face of intimdating tasks. Anything one human being can learn, most others can as well. Wasn’t it Einstein that said, “Genius is 1% inspiration and 99% perspiration”? Thomas Edison said it, too.
2. Defy the experts. Dyslexia, in a nutshell, is the affliction of mentally jumbling letters and digits, causing difficulties in reading, writing and thus learning. Sometimes spoken words or numbers get mixed up as well. In the past, “experts” declared dyslexic children stupid. Later, they said they were incapable of learning. This author has interacted with and taught dyslexic teens. It’s possible. Helen Keller had no experience of sight, sound, or speech, and yet she learned. Conclusion: There is more than one way to learn; never believe you cannot.
3. Challenge yourself. People are often more intelligent than they realize. In a world that compartmentalizes and categorizes everything, not everyone is sure where they fit in. And genius can be found in many walks of life. If you honestly suspect that there’s more to you than has been “allowed” to be let out, try an IQ test such as the one offered by MENSA. It’s unlike the standardized IQ tests given in many schools. You know the kind — the ones which traumatize many young students into thinking they are stupid, simply because the tests don’t really assess all student’s knowledge and learning ability. And the ability to learn is far, far more important than what you already know.
4. Party before an exam. Well, don’t go that far. The key is to relax. The worse thing to do is cram the night before an exam. If you don’t already know a subject by then, cramming isn’t going to help. If you have studied, simply review the topic, then go do something pleasant (no more studying). Doing so tells your brain that you are prepared and that you will be able to recall anything that you have already learned. On the other hand, if you didn’t spend the semester learning the ideas you need, you might as well go party anyways because cramming at the last minute isn’t going to help much at that point.
5. Don’t worry; learn happy. Have a real passion for learning and want to share that? Join a group such as the Joyful Jubilant Learning community [via LifeHack].

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TIPS Memikat Cewe

here the file……………….

cara_memikat_wanita_idaman_anda.pdf

PEDOMAN LOMBA KARYA TULIS MAHASISWA (LKTM)

1.  Definisi / Pengertian
Karya tulis mahasiswa merupakan tulisan berisi ide kreatif dan orisinil yang
disusun secara komprehensif berdasarkan data akurat (terpercaya), dianalisa
secara runtut, tajam dan diakhiri dengan kesimpulan serta saran-saran /
rekomendasi. Karya tulis mahasiswa dimaksud bukan merupakan laporan hasil
penelitian.

2.  Bidang Ilmu yang dilombakan
Bidang yang dilombakan dalam Lomba Karya Tulis Mahasiswa ini meliputi tiga
bidang, yaitu : (a) Bidang ilmu pengetahuan alam / IPA ; (b) Bidang ilmu
pengetahuan sosial / IPS ; (c) Bidang pendidikan. Bidang lomba dapat diikuti
oleh setiap mahasiswa dan tidak dibatasi oleh bidang ilmu yang ditekuninya.

3.  Persyaratan Peserta
a.  Peserta Lomba Karya Tulis adalah mahasiswa perguruan tinggi negeri dan
swasta di Jawa Timur yang sedang mengikuti program Diploma atau S1
b.  Peserta bersifat kelompok yang terdiri dari 2 (dua) orang
c.  Anggota peserta kelompok dapat berasal dari berbagai disiplin ilmu
d.  Peserta belum pernah mempresentasikan karya tulis yang sama pada lomba
karya tulis lainnya
e.  Bagi peserta yang masuk nominasi 10 besar diwajibkan mempresentasikan
karya tulisnya di hadapan Dewan Juri

4.  Proses Seleksi
Seleksi terhadap karya tulis peserta yang dipandang memenuhi syarat untuk
mengikuti tahap nominasi oleh Dewan Juri dilakukan oleh masing-masing
perguruan tinggi dengan menunjuk Pembantu Dekan Bidang Kemahasiswaan di
masing-masing  fakultas sebagai pelaksana teknik. Karya Tulis yang memenuhi
syarat untuk masuk nominasi tersebut disampaikan kepada Panitia Lomba LKTM
tentang pelayanan publik di Jawa Timur Jl. Pahlawan 110 Surabaya Telp. (031)
3550949 selambat-lambatnya tanggal 17 Nopember 2006

5.  Tema dan Topik
Materi tulisan mengacu pada satu tema, yaitu : ”Penyelenggaraan Pelayanan
Publik yang Prima menuju Peningkatan Daya Saing Daerah dalam Pelaksanaan
Otonomi Daerah”. Topik tulisan disesuaikan dengan bidang ilmu yang
dilombakan.

6.  Sifat dan isi Tulisan
Sifat dan isi tulisan harus memenuhi syarat-syarat sebagai berikut :
1.1  Kreatif dan Objektif
a.  Tulisan berisi gagasan yang kreatif untuk mensolusikan permasalahan
dalam penyelenggaraan pelayanan publik di Jawa Timur yang
merupakan hasil pemikiran secara divergen atau pemikiran yang
terbuka.
b.  Tulisan tidak bersifat emosional atau tidak menonjolkan permasalahan
subjektif
c.  Tulisan didukung oleh data dan/atau informasi terpercaya
d.  Bersifat asli (bukan karya jiplakan) dan menjauhi duplikasi

1.2  Logis dan Sistematis
a.  Tiap langkah penulisan dirancang secara sistematis dan runtut
b.  Pada dasarnya karya tulis ilmiah memuat unsur-unsur identifikasi
masalah, analisis-sintesis, kesimpulan dan memuat saran-saran
dan/atau rekomendasi
1.3  Isi tulisan berdasarkan telah pustaka dan hasil pengamatan dan atau
interview, tetapi bukan hasil penelitian
1.4  Materi karya tulis tidak harus sejalan dengan bidang ilmu yang sedang
ditekuni para penulis / mahasiswa
1.5  Materi karya tulis merupakan isu mutakhir (current issues) atau aktual
1.6  Setiap kegiatan penulisan perlu mendapat bimbingan dari seorang dosen
secara intensif

2.  Sistematika Penulisan
Sistematika penulisan hendaknya berisi rancangan yang teratur dan lazim
digunakan dalam karya tulis ilmiah antara lain sebagai berikut :
2.1  Bagian awal, yang terdiri dari Halaman Judul yang dilengkapi dengan
nama penulis dan nomor induk mahasiswa dan pengesahan yang
ditandatangani oleh dosen pembimbing dan pimipinan perguruan tinggi
atau yang mewakili lengkap dengan stempel perguruan tinggi dan diberi
tanggal sesuai tanggal pengesahan; Kata Pengantar dari penulis; dan
Abstraksi
2.2  Bagian inti, yang terdiri dari Pendahuluan, Kerangka Pikir, Pembahasan
(yang dibagi dalam sub-sub bahasan), Kesimpulan, Saran-Saran /
Rekomendasi, dan Daftar Pustaka

3.  Tata Naskah
Naskah tulisan minimal 15 halaman dan maksimal 20 halaman, ditulis dengan
huruf Times New Roman font 12 pada kertas ukuran A4 dengan spasi 1,5

Ancaman Sosial Pengangguran Intelektual

Dalam kurun waktu setahun kita akan mendapati ribuan bahkan ratusan ribu mahasiswa yang lulus dari Perguruan Tinggi. Lulus dengan predikat sarjana tentunya membawa harapan tersendiri bagi masa depan yang lebih cerah. Namun, ekspektasi para mahasiswa setelah wisuda bergelar sarjana akan bertolak belakang dengan realitas pengangguran dinegara ini.

 Berdasarkan hasil survei angkatan kerja nasional, Februari 2007 tercatat, jumlah pengangguran di Tanah Air telah mencapai 10,55 juta orang, atau sekitar 9,75 persen. Jika dilihat menurut pendidikan, sebanyak 740.206 orang, atau sekitar 7,02 persen termasuk kategori pengangguran intelektual.Sebuah fenomena sosial yang tentu jauh dari harapan orang tua. Bila anaknya, setelah menghabiskan biaya besar untuk kuliah hanya akan menjadi pengangguran.

 Melihat realitas ketidaksesuaian proporsi “out put” mahasiswa dari institusi Perguruan Tinggi dengan banyaknya lapangan kerja yang tersedia. Kita bisa membayangkan kondisi yang akan terjadi apabila pengangguran terdidik dari Fakultas Teknik yang ahli komputer bersedia diajak untuk membobol sistem perbankan, mengacaukan sistem penerbangan, dan merusak pertahanan Negara.

 Juga tidak terbayang, apabila pengangguran yang berasal dari Fakultas kedokteran menerima tawaran untuk memproduksi pil palsu untuk dijual bebas pada masyarakat. Kita juga dapat membayangkan bagaimana kualitas lulusan yang mendapatkan skripsi dari “membeli” kepada mereka yang telah lulus, tetapi belum mendapatkan pekerjaan. Lebih parah lagi jika penganggur intelektual yang mampu merakit bom mendapat tawaran dari “teroris”, hanya karena desakan ekonomi demi memenuhi kebutuhan hidup. Kekacaun demi kekacauan, tentunya kesimpulan yang akan kita peroleh.

 Bahkan menurut Yudi Latif dalam buku berjudul Intelegensi Muslim dan Kuasa (2005 : 588) ancaman pengangguran dari kaum terdidik akan lebih berbahaya yang berasal dari perguruan tinggi swasta non-elit. Sebab, selain mereka mengeluarkan biaya lebih banyak daripada mahasiswa di universitas negeri, namun para lulusannya cenderung termarginalkan di pasar kerja. Padahal, secara melek politik mereka lebih sadar, tetapi tersisihkan secara ekonomi. Ketimpangan yang diterima pengangguran intelektual ini merupakan bom waktu munculnya kerusuhan-kerusuhan politik di masa depan.

 Maka, seiring dengan laju perkembangan zaman, Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi serta realitas pengangguran yang berasal dari perguruan tinggi. Perubahan dan perbaikan konsep pendidikan merupakan sebuah keniscayaan bagi lembaga pendidikan tinggi. Tidak terkecuali yang berstatus negeri maupun swasta, perubahan dan perbaikan kualitas pendidikan menjadi tolak ukur agar perguruan tinggi tetap diminati para calon mahasiswa.

 Menghadapi perubahan zaman sudah barang tentu apabila konsep dan orientasi pendidikan tinggi juga harus mampu menyesuaikan dengan realitas yang ada. Tawaran konsep akan tercermin dari cara-cara perekrutan calon mahasiswa, model pengajaran dan pendidikan hingga kualitas lulusan yang terserap dalam dunia kerja. Dalam zaman modern seperti ini, sinergi ketiga hal tersebut akan membuat perguruan tinggi dengan sendirinya dicari para calon mahasiswa, tidak perduli swasta ataupun negeri.

 Sudah seharunya apabila lulusan dari universitas mampu memberikan nilai tambah bagi pembangunan nasional. Dengan bekal keilmuan yang diperoleh dari bangku kuliah mestinya mereka dapat menjadi solusi dari kejumudan bangsa. Bukannya, menjadi beban bagi bangsa. Membalikkan kondisi saat ini, memang bukan pekerjaan semudah membalikkan telapak tangan. Perguruan Tinggi  tentu mempunyai tanggung jawab besar, tetapi sepantasnya beban itu harus ditanggung Perguruan Tinggi. Pemerintah sebagai regulator pendidikan tentu juga harus berupaya menemukan solusi bagi para pengangguran intelektual ini. Dan yang tak kalah penting, adalah peran pengusaha dan perusahaan sebagai penampung lulusan.

 Oleh karena itu, bagaimana kualitas lulusan yang harus dihasilkan perguruan tinggi dan bagaimana peran serta pemerintah dan pengusaha untuk meminimalisir banyaknya jumlah pengangguran intelektual ingin penulis hadirkan dalam tulisan ini.

 Menurut penulis ada lima hal yang perlu diperhatikan menyangkut produk akhir mahasiswa dari Perguruan Tinggi. Pertama, Perguruan Tinggi harus mampu menciptakan sistem pendidikan dan pengajaran yang mengkondisikan mahasiswa untuk cepat lulus tanpa kehilangan makna mencari dan mendapatkan ilmu pengetahuan. Cepat lulus berarti mahasiswa mampu memiliki kemampuan dan pemahaman yang benar tentang bidang keilmuanya yang diminatinya.

 Kedua, Perguruan Tinggi harus mampu membuat mahasiswa yang lulus mempunyai IPK yang tinggi. IPK tinggi tentu juga bukan rekayasa dan pemberian kemudahan nilai bagi mahasiswa. IPK menunjukkan tingkat pengetahuan  dan penguasaan keilmuan seorang mahasiswa. Sebab, IPK tinggi juga merupakan syarat mutlak bagi mahasiswa yang lulus.

 Ketika, Masa tunggu mahasiswa setelah lulus yang sedikit untuk mendapatkan pekerjaan. Atau bahkan, dimungkinkan untuk menelorkan konsep lulus langsung dapat kerja. Ini perlu dipikirkan untuk mengurangi banyaknya pengangguran intelektual dari kalangan sarjana. Keempat, mahasiswa yang telah lulus dari perguruan tinggi harus mendapatkan pekerjaan yang sesuai dengan bidang keilmuan yang dipelajari dan digeluti selama menjadi mahasiswa. Sebab, selama ini sudah banyak sekali mahasiswa yang mendapat pekerjaan tetapi tidak sesuai dengan bidang keilmuannya.

Kelima, bagaimana lulusan selain mendapatkan pekerjaan yang  sesuai tetapi juga mendapatkan gaji pertama yang tinggi. Untuk itu, perlu dikembangkan keterampilan mahasiswa dalam kemampuan dan keterampilan berbahasa, negoisasi, komunikasi dan berorganisasi.

Diluar itu, hal yang sangat penting untuk dijalankan. Perguruan Tinggi harus mampu mengembangkan jaringan dengan perusahaan dalam hal membangun keterkaitan dan kesepadanan antara kebutuhan pasar kerja dan lulusan yang siap kerja. Dalam hal ini, intervensi pemerintah dengan kebijakan tentu adalah jalan terbaik. Artinya, dalam membangun keterkaitan dan kesepadanan dalam dunia kerja, peran pemerintah adalah sebagai mediator bertemunya Perguruan Tinggi dengan perusahaan.

Oleh Ahan S.A, Penulis adalah Aktivis Himpunan Mahasiswa Islam (HMI) Cabang Malang

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